Embodiment of evil - the man-god

Gnosis: the coming of the man-god

The Gnosis of Nazism pretended to act over man in order to transform the universe; in a reverse way, it also pretended to act over the universe in order to transform man. Angebert comments:

“From this perspective, matter acts over spirit and vice-versa, in a way that will cause a transmutation of all values so that the superman might reach the omega point, the point of perfection. This would be the meaning of the words: ‘I am the alpha and the omega’ spoken by Christ, and also of the Gnostic myth whereby the serpent ends by biting its own tail, that is, the Gnostic process ends by returning to its origin. At the base of this doctrine reserved to a small group appears an absurd pride eager to make of man his own god, destroying traditional morals and despising almost all of mankind, which would be destined to return to the chaos that existed at the beginning” (p. 217).

On the Gnostic thinking regarding race, Nazism was supported by Ernest Renan, the blasphemous author of a life of Jesus, who wrote in his work Philosophic Dialogues (Paris, 1876): “A broad application of the discoveries of philosophy and the principle of natural selection could lead to the creation of a superior race, which would have the right to govern [the world], not only because of its science, but also because of its superior blood, brain and nerves. They would be some kind of gods or devas, beings who are ten times what we are. These beings could be produced in artificial environments. In normal conditions nature does not produce them, but science could extend the limits of viability” (apud Hitler and the Cathar Tradition, p. 217).



Nuremberg 1934, the cult to the Aryan superman on Nazi Party Day

Renan knew the cycle of the Aryan legends of Asgard - the mythical country of superior white men who would be the Hyperboreans, the ancestors of the present day Indo-Europeans. He gave his support to the possibility of a new race of such men: “A factory of supermen, an Asgard, could be rebuilt in the center of Asia … Just as mankind came from the animal, so divinity would proceed from humanity. These would be beings who would transcend men, just as men transcend animals … I repeat, their intellectual superiority would imply a religious superiority. We should imagine these future lords as incarnations of goodness and truth, and be ready to subordinate ourselves to them” (apud ibid.).

Renan continues: “With this, one can imagine a time when everything that previously existed in a stage of embryonic conception or vague myth would then exist in the stage of reality and truth: gods, paradise, hell, spiritual power, monarchy, nobility, legitimacy, racial superiority, supernatural powers – all can be reborn by the work of man and reason. It seems to me that if such a solution should materialize on earth, it will be accomplished through Germany” (apud ibid, p. 218-219). Behold, here we have the French rationalist Renan as the prophet of Nazism…

Another major contribution to Nazi theogony [the occult explanation of divinity] came from the theories of Hans Horbiger on Welteislehre (World Ice Theory). Hitler gave full support to his Gnostic thinking: “Horbiger, who drank from the profound myths lying in the subconscious of man, was a partisan of the theory of the cycles acclaimed by Plato. Earth, life, mankind did not experience a continuous evolution, but an ascension like the teeth of a saw, interrupted by falls that caused creation to return to its previous stage. After the civilization of the giants, Earth experienced unknown catastrophes where whole continents disappeared (like Atlantis and Hyperborea), resulting also in the degradation of the superior man. To re-discover the man-god, there must be a new mutation that will bring a new cycle of life to our universe. Here we again find the Nazi ideas about man and the world” (pp. 224-225).

Contents

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• 1 Late 19th century
  • 1.1 Charles William King
  • 1.2 Madame Blavatsky
  • 1.3 G. R. S. Mead
  • 1.4 The Gnostic Church revival in France
• 2 Early to mid-20th century
  • 2.1 Carl Jung
    • 2.1.1 The Jung Codex
  • 2.2 French Gnostic Church split, reintegration, and continuation
  • 2.3 Modern sex magic associated with Gnosticism
    • 2.3.1 Modern sex magic brought to South America
  • 2.4 The Gnostic Society
• 3 Mid-20th century
  • 3.1 Ecclesia Gnostica
    • 3.1.1 Ecclesia Gnostica Mysteriorum
  • 3.2 Samael Aun Weor and sex magic in South America
  • 3.3 Hans Jonas
  • 3.4 Eric Voegelin's anti-modernist 'gnostic thesis'
• 4 The Nag Hammadi Library
• 5 Gnosticism in popular culture
• 6 See also
• 7 Notes
• 8 References
• 9 External links

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnosticism_in_modern_times
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxil_hoax
http://orthocath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/pope-and-patriarchs-letters-of-pope-pius-ix-and-orthodox-patriarchs.pdf
http://www.bible.ca/scientology-gnostic-roots.htm

The Taxil hoax was an 1890s hoax of exposure by Léo Taxil intended to mock not onlyFreemasonry, but also the Roman Catholic Church's opposition to it.

THE IMMEDIATE POSTWAR years were all too heavily burdened with the
tragic consequences of the Third Reich for its image to be anything but negative
among the Western Allied nations. The wholesale destruction of Europe
through German militarism and the gruesome extermination of the Jews
combined to make Hitler and National Socialism the objects of universal condemnation
and horror. The German population’s swift repudiation of its former
ideology of power and conquest, coupled with the abject behavior of the
major war criminals at the Nuremberg trials, completed the shame of Nazi
Germany. However, the former idolization of Hitler by the Germans, the
regime’s dramatic but short-lived continental dominion, and the irrationality
and macabre nature of its anti-Semitic racist policies also set National Socialism
quite apart from other periods of modern history. Outside a purely secular
frame of reference,Nazism was felt to be the embodiment of evil in a modern
twentieth-century regime, a monstrous pagan relapse in the Christian
community of Europe. The total defeat of the Third Reich and the disappearance,
suicides and executions of its major figures lent a further uncanny aura
to the image of Nazism.
By the early 1960s, this quasi-religious evaluation of Nazism had begun to
exercise a horrid fascination upon the Western mind. Whereas straightforward
revulsion and horror had formerly attached to the Third Reich, one
could now clearly detect a mystique of Nazism, a sensational and fanciful
presentation of its figures and symbols. The trappings of Nazism, shorn of all
political and historical context, began to penetrate the milieu of popular culture
through thrillers, nonfiction books and films. Stories of Nazi fugitives,
including Martin Bormann, Josef Mengele, even a resurrected Heinrich
Himmler or Adolf Hitler (survivors, after all) amid the Amazon jungles, in the
desert capitals of the Middle East or down obscure back streets of London
and New York, became the stock-in-trade of paperback fiction and speculative
nonfiction works.1 Like some monstrous and obscene survival of an earlier
dreaded era, these paper Nazis lived a shadowy existence on the margins
of the modern postwar world bristling with its own problems, conflicts and
political forces. Often the fugitives turned plotters, seeking by means of a conspiratorial
revival to subvert our apparently safe liberal world and to restore
their sway in a Fourth Reich.

The Rise Of The Fourth Reich

Everyone likes to say, "Hitler did this", and, "Hitler did that". But the truth is Hitler did very little. He was a world class tyrant, but the evil actually done by the Third Reich, from the slave-labor camps to WW2 was all done by German citizens who were afraid to question if what they were told by their government was the truth or not, and who because they did not want to admit to themselves that they were afraid to question the government, refused to see the truth behind the Reichstag Fire, refused to see the invasion by Poland was a staged fake, and followed Hitler into national disaster.The German people of the late 1930s imagined themselves to be brave. They saw themselves as the heroic Germans depicted by the Wagnerian Operas, the descendants of the fierce Germanic warriors who had hunted wild boar with nothing but spears and who had defeated three of Rome's mightiest legions in the Tuetenberg Forest. But in truth, by the 1930s, the German people had become civilized and tamed, culturally obsessed with fine details in both science and society. Their self-image of bravery was both salve and slavery. Germans were required to behave as if they were brave, even when they were not. It's easy to look back and realize what a jerk Hitler was. But at the time, Hitler looked pretty good to the German people, with the help of the media. He was TIME Magazine's Man Of The Year in 1938. The German people assumed they were safe from a tyrant. They lived in a Republic, after all, with strict laws regarding what the government could and more importantly could not do. Their leader was a devoutly religious man, and had even sung with the boy's choir of a monastery in his youth. The reality was that the German people, as individuals, had lost their courage. The German government preferred it that way as a fearful people are easier to rule than a courageous one. But the German people didn't wish to lose their self-image of courage. So, when confronted with a situation demanding individual courage, in the form of a government gone wrong, the German people simply pretended that the situation did not exist. And in that simple self-deception lay the ruin of an entire nation and the coming of the second World War. When the Reichstag burned down, most Germans simply refused to believe suggestions that the fire had been staged by Hitler himself. They were afraid to. But so trapped were the Germans by their belief in their own bravery that they willed themselves to be blind to the evidence before their eyes, so that they could nod in agreement with Der Fuhrer while still imagining themselves to have courage, even as they avoided the one situation which most required real courage; to stand up to Hitler's lies and deceptions. When Hitler requested temporary extraordinary powers, powers specifically banned under German law, but powers Hitler claimed he needed to have to deal with the "terrorists", the German people, having already sold their souls to their self-delusions, agreed. The temporary powers were conferred, and once conferred lasted until Germany itself was destroyed. When Hitler staged a phony invasion from Poland, the vast majority of the German people, their own self-image dependant on continuing blindness to Hitler's deceptions, did not question why Poland would have done something so stupid, and found themselves in a war. But Hitler knew he ruled a nation of cowards, and knew he had to spend the money to make the new war something cowards could fight and win. He decorated his troops with regalia to make them proud of themselves, further trapping them in their self-image. Hitler copied the parade regalia of ancient Rome, to remind the Germans of the defeat of the legions at the Tuetenberg Forest. Talismans were added from orthodox religions and the occult to fill the soldiers with delusions of mystical strengths and an afterlife if they fell in battle. Finally, knowing that it takes courage to kill the enemy face to face, Hitler spent vast sums of money on his wonder weapons, airplanes, submarines, ultra-long range artillery, the world's first cruise missile and the world's first guided missile, weapons that could be used to kill at a distance, so that those doing the killing need not have to face the reality of what they were doing. The German people were lured into WW2 not because they were brave, but because they were cowards who wanted to be seen as brave, and found that shooting long range weapons at people they could not see took less courage than standing up to Hitler. Sent into battle by that false image of courage, the Germans were dependent on their wonder-weapons. When the wonder-weapons stopped working, the Germans lost the war. I remember as a child listening to the stories of WW2 from my grandfather and my uncles who had served in Europe. I wondered how the German people could have been so stupid as to have ever elected Hitler dog catcher, let alone leader of the nation. Such is the clarity of historical hindsight. And with that clarity, I see the exact same mechanism that Hitler used at work here in this nation. The American people imagine themselves to be brave. They see themselves as the heroic Americans depicted by Western Movies, the descendants of the fierce patriot warriors who had tamed the frontier and defeated the might of the British Empire. But in truth, by the dawn of the third millennium, the American people have become civilized and tamed, culturally obsessed with fine details in both science and society. Their self-image of bravery is both salve and slavery. Americans are required to behave as if they are brave, even when they are not. The American people assume they are safe. They live in a Republic, after all, with strict laws regarding what the government can and more importantly cannot do. Their leader is a devoutly religious man. The reality is that the American people, as individuals, have lost their courage. The government prefers it that way as a fearful people are easier to rule than a courageous one. But Americans don't wish to lose their self-image of courage. So, when confronted with a situation demanding courage, in the form of a government gone wrong, the American people simply pretend that the situation does not exist. When the World Trade Towers collapsed, most Americans simply refused to believe suggestions that the attacks had been staged by parties working for the US Government itself. Americans were afraid to, even as news reports surfaced proving that the US Government had announced plans for the invasion of Afghanistan early in the year, plans into which the attacks on the World Trade Towers which angered the American people into support of the already-planned war fit entirely too conveniently. But so trapped are Americans by their belief in their own bravery that they will themselves to be blind to the evidence before their eyes, so that they can nod in agreement with the government while still imagining themselves to have courage, even as they avoid the one situation which most requires real courage; to stand up to the government's lies and deceptions. The vast majority of the American people, their own self-image dependant on continuing blindness to the government's deceptions, never question why Afghanistan would have done something so stupid as to attack the United States, and as a result, Americans find themselves in a war. Now the US Government has requested temporary extraordinary powers, powers specifically banned under Constitutional law, but powers the government is claiming they need to have to deal with the "terrorists". The American people, having already sold their souls to their self-delusions, are agreeing. The temporary powers recently conferred will be no more temporary in America than they were in Germany. The US Government knows they rule a nation of cowards. The government has had to spend the money to make the new war something cowards can fight. The government has decorated the troops with regalia to make them proud of themselves, further trapping them in their self-image. Talismans are added from orthodox religions and the occult to fill the soldiers with delusions of mystical strengths and an afterlife if they fall in battle. Finally, knowing that it takes courage to kill the enemy face to face, the United States government has spent vast sums of money on wonder weapons, airplanes, submarines, ultra-long range artillery, cruise missiles, and guided missiles, weapons that kill at a distance, so that those doing the killing need not have to face the reality of what they are doing. As I mentioned above, Hitler was TIME Magazine's Man Of The Year in 1938. Stalin was TIME Magazine's Man Of The Year for 1939 and 1942. Both of these men, and many others also celibrated by the media, were unimaginable monsters. The lesson from these facts is that it isn't easy to spot a genocidal tyrant when you live with one, especially one whom the press supports and promotes.Tyrants become obvious only when looking back, after what they have done becomes known. The German people did not stand up to Hitler because their media betrayed them, just as the American media is betraying the American people by willingly, voluntarily, even proudly, abandoning its traditional role as watchdog against government abuse. It is the very nature of power that it attracts the sort of people who should not have it. The United States, as the world's last superpower, is a prize that attracts men and women willing to do absolutely anything to win that power, and hence are also willing to do absolutely anything with that power once they have it. If one thinks about it long enough, one will realize that all tyrants, past and most especially present, MUST use deception on their population to initiate a war.No citizen of a modern industrialized nation will send their children off to die in a war to grab another nation's resources and assets, yet resources and assets are what all wars are fought over. The nation that wishes to initiate a war of conquest must create the illusion of an attack or a threat to start a war, and must always give their population of cowards an excuse never to question that carefully crafted illusion. It is naive, not to mention racist to assume that tyrants appear only in other nations and that somehow America is immune simply because we're Americans. America has escaped the clutches of a dictatorship thus far only through the efforts of those citizens who, unlike the Germans of the 1930s, have the moral courage to stand up and point out where the government is lying to the people.Unless more Americans are willing to have that kind of individual courage, then future generations may well look back on the American people with the same harshness of judgement with which we look back on the 1930s Germans.

In terms of neo-Nazism, the Fourth Reich is envisioned as featuring Aryan supremacy,anti-Semitism, Lebensraum, aggressive militarism and totalitarianism. Upon the establishment of the Fourth Reich, German neo-Nazis propose that Germany should acquire nuclear weapons and use the threat of their use to re-expand to Germany's former boundaries as of 1937.Based on pamphlets published by David Myatt in the early 1990s,many neo-Nazis came to believe that the rise of the Fourth Reich in Germany would pave the way for the establishment of the Western Imperium, a pan-Aryan world empire encompassing all land populated by predominantly European-descended peoples (i.e., Europe, Russia,Anglo-America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Southern South America, andother significantly white countries in Latin America).In his 2008 book, The Rise of the Fourth Reich: The Secret Societies That Threaten to Take Over America, Jim Marrs argues that some surviving members of Germany's Third Reich, along with sympathizers in the United States and elsewhere, given safe haven by organizations such as ODESSA and Die Spinne, have been working behind the scenes since the end of World War II to enact at least some of the principles of Nazism (e.g. militarism, fascism, conquest, widespread spying on citizens, use of corporations and propaganda to control national interests and ideas) into culture, government, and business worldwide, but primarily in the United States. He cites the influence of Nazis brought into the United States at the end of World War II, such as Nazi scientists brought in under Operation Paperclip to help advance aerospace in the US, and the acquisition and creation of conglomerates by Nazis and their sympathizers after the war, in both Europe and the United States

• Infield, Glenn. Secrets of the SS (Stein and Day, New York, 1981) ISBN 0-8128-2790-2
• Schultz, Sigrid. Germany Will Try It Again (Reynal & Hitchcock, New York, 1944)
• Tetens, T.H. The New Germany and the Old Nazis (Random House, New York, 1961) LCN 61-7240
• Wechsberg, Joseph. The Murderers Among Us: The Simon Wiesenthal Memoirs (Mc Graw Hill, New York, 1967) LCN 67-13204
• European Union as a Fourth Reich [1]

1. ^ Schmidt, Michael The New Reich—Violent Extremism in Germany and Beyond 1993
2. ^ These writings of Myatt included the 14 pamphlets in his Thormynd Press National-Socialist Series, most of which were republished by Liberty Bell Publications (Reedy, Virginia) in the 1990's, and essays such as Towards Destiny: Creating a New National-Socialist Reich[archived at http://web.archive.org/web/20040712101315/http://www.geocities.com/myattns/newreich.html] and a constitution for the 'fourth Reich' [archived at http://web.archive.org/web/20041208070520/http://www.geocities.com/myattns/cons_reich.html]

Himmler's daughter aged 81: She works with neo-Nazis and helps SS officers evade justice

Waving goodbye to her grandchildren, Gudrun Burwitz has the look of a woman ready to live the rest of her days in peace and quiet.
Instead, the 81-year-old daughter of Heinrich Himmler still works at a ruthless pace to keep the Nazi flame alive.
Mrs Burwitz has always nurtured the memory of her father, believing the man who ran the Gestapo, the SS and the extermination programme which murdered six million Jews, to be good and worthy.
And despite her advanced years, she continues to help the ageing remnants of the Nazi regime to evade justice.
As the leading figure in the shadowy and sinister support group Stille Hilfe –Silent Help – she helps bring succour and financial help to those still at large.
Said to have been formed in 1951 by a clique of high-ranking SS officers and right-wing clergy in Germany, it exists ‘to provide quiet but active assistance to those who lost their freedom during or after the war by capture, internment or similar circumstance and who need help to this day’.
Now it is in the hands of Mrs Burwitz. And her work has taken an even more sinister turn. She has become ‘grandmother’ to a new breed of female Nazis on the radical right.




The notion of unholy relics is closely related to the phenomenon of fugitives
real and fictional. Soon after the war,Nazi regalia, uniforms, decorations
and documents became collectible and soon after commanded high prices.
But the biggest prices of all were reserved for the artifacts of the Nazi leadership.
For these collectors, an uncanny aura hangs over the Brown House dinner
service, laid for many a high-level junket at party headquarters in Munich,
but a talismanic quality inheres in the paintings or supposed personal diary
of Hitler himself. Such journalistic scoops and fiascos concerning Hitler
memorabilia ably demonstrate the fascination of these relics, culminating in
the scurrilous Stern magazine Hitler Diaries affair of 1983.2 These magical tokens
of a vanished dispensation are joined by secret Nazi treasure. The leaders
of the Third Reich were notorious lovers of art, and booty was seized on a
vast scale from all the occupied states of Europe.Much of it has been successfully
located and restored to its rightful owners, but stories of Nazi loot
sunken in lakes or buried in mines or glaciers still abound.3 The fugitives, the
unholy relics and the hidden hoards of treasure posited notions of Nazism’s
secret survival and, by implication, excited a frisson in the liberal but romantically
tempted spirit about its dreaded revival.
The mystique of secret survival and potential revival was made fully explicit
in the modernmythology of “NaziMysteries.” In this case,Nazism wasmystified
and romanticized into a neo-Gnostic religionwith links to Theosophy, secret
centers in Tibet, cultic rituals and all the paraphernalia of black magic.


Carl Jung, Alchemy, Taoism and Neo-Gnosticism
The Dictionary of Mind and Spirit
compiled by Donald Watson (Avon Books, New York, 1991)

Jung received his information from at least three different spirit guides. These revolutionary teachings would captivate the world. Notice the references to those spirit guides, to Gnosticism, and to the occult practices of channeling and automatic writing.

"Jung uses the name Abraxas to refer to illusory reality in his neo-Gnostic text entitled Seven Sermons to the Dead. This was written ‘semi-automatically’ in 1916 by a part of himself he happened to call Basilides. AUTOMATIC WRITING is more typical of spiritualist mediumship than of scientific method, but the result is a core text in depth psychology. The writing immediately followed Jung’s break with Freud and his experiences of poltergeist phenomena. Unlike the Gnostics, Jung did not teach the return of human essence to the Gnostic PLEROMA, where individuality was lost, but individuation, which maintained the fullness of human individuality." (Page 1)

"For the second-century Alexandrian GNOSTIC Basilides, Abraxas was the name of the Supreme Being.... The Supreme Being first generated Mind, from which came LOGOS, Understanding, Wisdom, Power and a whole succession of powers, principalities and angels in a complex spiritual hierarchy.... Basilides believed that there were 365 Aeons, personifications of the emanations from the Godhead which effected the creation of matter. The first of these aeons was Christ, also called Nous. Basilides differed from other Gnostic schools in his concept of God as being essentially unknowable, an idea that can be traced to Indian sources, whose notions of MAYA and NIRVANA he also included in his philosophy." (Page 1)  

"Jung again: ‘The collective unconscious is common to all: it is the foundation of what the ancients called the sympathy of all things.’ It is through the medium of the collective unconscious that information about a particular time and place can be transferred to another individual mind. ... It was in the area of the collective unconscious that Jung believed he met and talked with the ‘intelligent entities’ Philemon, Elijah and Salome during his periods of ACTIVE IMAGINATION." (Page 63)

Links and quotes
Jungian Psychology and Spirituality - Welcome to the Journey community! "Journey into Wholeness conferences and seminars explore the relationship between modern spirituality and the psychology of Carl Jung."

The Journey Into Wholeness Mission: "Journey into Wholeness is a community committed to individual and collective transformation through an exploration of the relationship between modern spirituality and the psychology of Carl Jung. ...For Jung, unlike Freud, God was no 'illusion.' He believed many of our modern ills were due to our being cut off from our religious roots and, therefore, from meaning. Jung's psychology offers us an alternative to the rationalistic materialism of our culture to which even religion has fallen victim. It serves to remind us that religious dogma is not enough. To find meaning each of us must live in relationship to The Great Mystery through our relationship with all of inner and outer creation. Jung's psychology can help us come to this awareness of God's all-encompassing reality, of religious truth as relevant today - that it does indeed work and that it can act as a transforming, relational, and renewing power if we open ourselves to it."

The symbol for the above two pages consists of a small yin/yang at the junction of the two lines in a traditional Christian cross which fills the center area where two interlocking circles overlap. 

The New Alchemy Website - Jung on Active Imagination: "But active imagination, as the term denotes, means that the images have a life of their own and that the symbolic events develop according to their own logic - that is, of course, if your conscious reason does not interfere....
    "The symbol of the mandala has exactly this meaning of a holy place, a temenos, to protect the centre. And it is a symbol which is one of the most important motifs in the objectivation of unconscious images.....
    "The suggestive influence of the picture reacts on the psychological system of the patient and induces the same effect which he put into the picture. That is the reason for idols, for the magic use of sacred images, of icons. They cast their magic into our system and put us right, provided we put ourselves into them. If you put yourself into the icon, the icon will speak to you. Take a lamaic mandala which has a Buddha in the centre, or a Shiva, and, to the extent that you can put yourself into it, it answers and comes into you. It has a magic effect. You begin by concentrating upon a starting point....
    "When you concentrate on a mental picture, it begins to stir, the image becomes enriched by details, it moves and develops. Each time, naturally, you mistrust it and have the idea that you have just made it up, that it is merely you own invention. But you have to overcome that doubt, because it is not true.
    "We can really produce precious little by our conscious mind. All the time we are dependent upon things that literally fall into our consciousness.... We depend entirely upon the benevolent co-operation of our unconscious."

The Origin of Alchemy and the Image of God in Man: "The essential duality which characterised alchemy from the very beginning.... Alchemy combined the Gnostic spirit of Greek natural philosophy with the highly developed magico-techne of old Egypt, particularly in relation to metallurgy.... and the embalming process associated with the regeneration mysteries of Osiris. This ancient god of resurrection provided a close analogy with the Gnostic doctrine of the Anthropos, the androgynous original man caught in the embrace of Physis and in need of redemption....
     "Right up until its high water mark in the seventeenth century it was this myth, above all else, that motivated, consciously or otherwise, the practica of alchemical operations....
     "A parallel form of alchemy also developed in the East, in which the liberation of the 'true man' from within was sought in forms of Indian yoga and Chinese Taoism....
     "For as science freed itself of religion in an Age of Enlightenment and work in the laboratory finally shed its arcane symbolisms... so the philosophical side of the work forfeit the creative medium - the living soul - of its projections only to become the inanimate preserve of secret societies such as the Rosicrucians....
     "Jung showed that the problem... of the body in general developed in Western alchemy as a compensatory undercurrent to the Christian conflict between the opposites, particularly the moral opposites of good and evil, which ever since the first day of Creation had been rent apart into upper and lower worlds. ... Alchemy represented the search for the divine spark of God's reflection in the darkness of the lower world, under the motto ascribed in antiquity to Hermes Trismegistus; 'as Above, so Below'....
    "As the power of faith upheld by the Church waned, it was left to psychology to uncover the source of this sickness in modern man, a sickness and distress which Jung argued can only be cured through greater knowledge and individual experience....
    "The opus of alchemy was essentially concerned with the union of opposites....
    "The stone, the lumen novum, arising from the conjunction of the reconciled opposites Sol et Luna was personified as the rounded, bisexual Anthropos and proclaimed... the saviour of the macrocosm and counterpart to Christ.... Because the experience of wholeness re-connects the individual with the universal life of the collective unconscious, Jung called the mandala 'a window on eternity', a moment of 'redemption' transcending the ego-personality as the whole transcends the part." 18
Jung on Active Imagination: "Brief Extract from Analytical Psychology : its Theory and Practice The Tavistock Lectures (1935)"

On the nature of tao - From Jung's Collected Works 6 Psychological Types (1921): "This psychological attitude is...an essential condition for obtaining the kingdom of heaven, and this in its turn - all rational interpretations notwithstanding - is the central, irrational symbol whence the redeeming effect comes. The Christian symbol merely has a more social character than the related conceptions of the East....
     "According to the central concepts of Taoism, tao is divided into a fundamental pair of opposites, yang and yin. Yang signifies warmth, light, maleness; yin is cold, darkness, femaleness. Yang is also heaven, yin earth. From the yang force arises shen, the celestial portion of the human soul, and from the yin force comes kwei, the earthly part....
     "As a microcosm, man is reconciler of the opposites, Heaven, man, and earth form the three chief elements of the world.... Man is a microcosm uniting the world opposites is the equivalent of an irrational symbol that unites the psychological opposites.... The existence of two mutually antagonistic tendencies, both striving to drag man into extreme attitudes and entangle him in the world, whither on the material or spiritual level, sets him at variance with himself and accordingly demands the existence of a counterweight....
    "The aim of Taoist ethics, then, is to find deliverance from the cosmic tension of opposites by a return to Tao."
Symbol at the bottom of this page is the phoenix

The Bane of Neo-Gnostic Calvinism 

by Greg Fields

Who among us who have been illuminated by the Spirit of God to heartily embrace that exalted system of Pauline Theology commonly called "Calvinism" can forget the sublime joy experienced when these verities became manifest in our believing heart? For many of us grasping these truths or better, being gripped by these truths, was the real "second blessing" in our Christian pilgrimage. For me personally, sovereign grace teaching revivified my entire demeanor as a saint and delivered me from the morbid introspection engendered by Arminian, fundamentalist pietism. I have a passionate commitment to Calvinistic soteriology and am quite emphatic in my apologia for these truths that so exalt and glorify the grandeur of the Sovereign Triune Lord. Thus, it is with both sadness and reticence that I issue this urgent caveat regarding an extreme chimerical form of Calvinism that is spreading great mischief among the elect of God and dear souls seeking spiritual solace.

I have subsumed this subtle heresy under the rubric neo-gnostic Calvinism because the main tenets of this aberration of Calvinism involve primarily a comprehensive cognitive system of knowledge (gnosis) that must be firmly grasped and indoctrinated into before the professing Calvinist or seeking Arminian is truly considered "saved" by these ersatz-Calvinist "teachers". The subtlety involved in this neo-gnostic Calvinistic soteriology is that they vigorously promote truths that any committed believer would commend. For example, they incessantly exhort all to focus on Christ's imputation of Righteousness as being indispensable to one's salvation. Of course this is true and this needs to be emphatically declared in our presentation of the gospel. Particular Redemption is stressed with great vigor. Again, a hearty amen to the vital importance of this great doctrine is in order. They clearly enumerate the "five points" with undiminished zeal. Again, I concur and wish we all would stress these great doctrines with the zeal demonstrated by these men.

If this was the focus and crux of what these men taught, I would be promoting their writings and encouraging all interested Calvinists to bookmark their websites and to participate in their e-group discussions. But, alas, these glorious doctrines are merely the frosting on the cake of their real agenda. After elucidating these verities they then go on to add to these truths a dogmatic unsubstantiated requirement for salvation that in effect nullifies all the peace and joy that should attend sovereign grace. They assert with bellicose intensity that unequivocally, all Arminians are lost because "Arminianism is a false gospel" and under the anathema of Gal. 1:8-9. They set the stage for this "leap of logic", by describing the five points of Arminianism and showing how incompatible Arminianism is with the gospel of grace. Again, any thoroughgoing evaluation of Arminianism would demonstrate this to be true but they then use this evaluation to assert that all who have never yet grasped the doctrines of grace to be by default, Arminians, thereby validating their "lostness". The insidious nature of their neo-gnosticism becomes manifestly transparent here. The major tenet of gnosticism was the acquisition of knowledge to achieve, N. B., salvation. Similarly they make the precise apprehension of soteriological doctrine the sine qua non of salvation. By utilizing a patina of superspirituality, they create a psychological ambiance that can easily intimidate a young believer who may be new to Calvinism or a seeking Arminian (although most folk, if we are honest are utterly oblivious to this historical-theological debacle) to capitulate to this cold, unrelenting dogmatism, creating a vituperative unloving demeanor and ironically robbing them of the comfort and joy these glorious doctrines should inculcate in their hearts. This, to my mind, is the most utterly insidious forms of "works-righteousness" that I have ever encountered. By cleverly demanding that for one to truly be saved they must achieve a solid understanding of Calvinistic soteriology is to "make the cross of Christ of none effect". "Nothing in my hand I bring, simply to Thy cross I cling" as Toplady's exquisitely penned words succinctly state is the essence of the gospel offer. To make mere cognition the predicate of entrance into the kingdom of God's dear son is to despise God's sovereignty, Christ's finished work on the cross, and the blessed Holy Spirit's sovereign application of the redemption accomplished to "the apple of his eye", his beloved elect. It is vital beloved to discern the subtlety of their enticing words of wisdom. It is Christ who saves through faith, not our soteriological knowledge.

To further exacerbate their dissimulation, they dare to go even further. They dogmatically and shockingly assert that any professing Calvinist that does not concur with their Calvinistic neo-gnostic pretensions and believes that Arminians can be saved has "spoke peace to Arminians" thereby abrogating their own salvation. As one gleans their writings on this matter, one amazingly discovers that according to this chimerical premise, the most eminent saints in church history are apparently "lost"! A. A. Hodge, Spurgeon, D. Martyn-Lloyd Jones, Gordon Clark, Van Till ad infinitum, ad nauseum, are consigned to God's wrath by the unmitigated temerity of these neo-gnostics. These men simply did not "measure up" to their conceptualization of what constitutes "the doctrines of grace" and furthermore, they had the audacity to be gentle and forbearing and tenderhearted (they even dared to offer them Christian equanimity) to those of non-reformed persuasion. The tragic, belligerent absurdity promoted by these neo-gnostics should be evident to the discerning saint. Again, this is why it is vital to "study to show thyself approved, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth" to counter this ancient heresy in new garb. The emperor still has no clothes as gnosticism, Satan’s grand masquerade, nefariously continues to attempt to vex and thwart God's saints in their earthly pilgrimage. It is admittedly difficult and requires God-given wisdom to sound forth these wonderfully God-centered, Christ-exalting truths in a bold yet loving manner that will in God's providence engender interest in Calvinism while giving glory to our Sovereignly Majestic Thrice-Holy Lord. Worshipping our Majestic Lord in spirit and in truth is true Calvinism. May our Lord illuminate our hearts to this glorious truth thereby granting us the Spirit-wrought discernment to live righteously, soberly and godly in this present evil age and to keep us from the evil one's subtleties, such as neo-gnosticist "Calvinism".

Further Reflections On Neo-Gnostic Calvinism 

by Greg Fields

Recent dialogue regarding the excesses of a certain group (s) of "Calvinist" zealots has prompted me to write this brief follow up to my essay The Bane Of Neo-gnostic Calvinism, that was disseminated via email and posted on a few websites. It is not my intention to exacerbate but to D. V. , illuminate the discourse regarding the neo-gnostic propensities of these sincere but heretical folk. I write this out of concern for those, who not yet grounded in the faith "once for all delivered to the saints" (Jude 3), may become ensnared by the subtle, specious "logic" of the neo-gnostic "Calvinists". The reason I persist in putting Calvinism in quotes when applied to the zealots, is because their "Calvinism" , when closely scrutinized, is a radical departure from historical biblical Calvinism. Calvinism, in the excellent words of Basil Manly, an eminent 19th century Southern Baptist theologian is "that exalted system of Pauline theology commonly called Calvinism". It is indeed a thoroughgoing God-centered system of biblical/systematic/historical theology that displays the Majesty of the Triune Sovereign Lord, unfettered by the dictates of carnal human reason. It is ipso facto antithetical to the aspirations of the natural man who under the adamic curse would "be as gods". This natural aspiration of the fallen intellect is, in point of fact, one of the major tenets of gnosticism.

The focus of gnostic redemption is not on God, but ultimately upon the individual's self-understanding and the resulting freedom it provides. This accords accurately with the pretensions of the neo-gnostic Calvinists who a priori demand a comprehensively cognitive grasp of Calvinistic soteriology in order for potential converts to be saved. This cognitive grasp fails to take into account what is theologically dubbed "the noetic effects of sin". Simply stated, this means our minds are so affected by our native depravity that prior to regeneration, we are unable to spiritually apprehend any of God's thoughts revealed in His word. (1 Cor. 2:14, Eph. 4:18, e. g. ) The "continental divide" between Arminian and Calvinistic soteriology is that in Calvinism, regeneration precedes faith. We must be born again to see the kingdom of God. It is quite possible for the unregenerate to give merely notional ("bare assent") to Scripture, deceiving themselves into thinking what the Puritan divines called "fancy" is true faith. The eminent Puritan, Thomas Watson , wrote in regard to this: Some bless themselves that they have a stock of knowledge, but what is knowledge good for without repentance? It is better to mortify one sin than to understand all mysteries. Impure speculatists do but resemble Satan transformed into an angel of light. Learning and a bad heart is like a fair face with a cancer in the breast. Knowledge without repentance will be but a torch to light men to hell (Thomas Watson, The Doctrine of Repentance (Edinburgh: Banner, 1987), pp. 12-13, 59, 77). The neo-gnostic Calvinists in a similar vein exalt the bare mental assent to the doctrines of grace as being the sine qua non of entrance into the "kingdom of God's dear Son". The late Professor John Murray of Westminster Theological Seminary has a most felicitous comment to refute this: "Saving faith is not simply assent to propositions of truth respecting Christ, and defining the person that he is, nor simply assent to a proposition respecting his sufficiency to meet and satisfy our deepest needs. Faith must rise to trust, and trust that consists in entrustment to him. In faith there is the engagement of person to person in the inner movement of the whole man to receive and rest upon Christ alone for salvation. It means the abandonment of confidence in our own or any human resources in a totality act of self-commitment to Christ. 

This fiducial character, consisting in entrustment to Christ for salvation, serves to correct misapprehensions. Faith is not belief that we have been saved, nor belief that Christ has saved us, nor even belief that Christ died for us. It is necessary to appreciate the point of distinction. Faith is in its essence commitment to Christ that we may be saved. The premise of that commitment is that we are unsaved and we believe on Christ in order that we may be saved. . . It is to lost sinners that Christ is offered, and the demand of that overture is simply and solely that we commit ourselves to him in order that we may be saved. 

Faith is a whole-souled movement of intelligent, consenting, and confiding self-commitment, and all these elements or ingredients coalesce to make faith what it is. Intellect, feeling and will converge upon Christ in those exercises which belong properly to these distinct though inseparable aspects of psychial activity" (Collected Writings of John Murray (Edinburgh: Banner, 1977), Volume 2, pp. 257-260).

It is utterly amazing and soul-vexing to see how folk who discover the wonderful doctrines of grace via excellent Christian literature like A. W. Pink's The Sovereignty of God or Boettner's The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination or the books of R. C. Sproul, Michael Horton, James Boice, et. al. , can so easily become infatuated with their own learning and misconstrue that learning (as vital as solid theological understanding is! ) as the alpha and omega of their relationship with Christ. He is the Alpha and the Omega. "Of Him, to Him, and through Him are all things," not whether or not we have things right in our minds. Knowledge is indeed vital, brethren. Let us never discount this. Anti-intellectualism is indeed one of the terrible legacies of American fundamentalism, primarily derived from Arminian presuppositions. But, alas, new converts to Calvinism can so easily be seduced by their own incredible arrogance and so overemphasize one aspect of Calvinist soteriology, that they become blinded to other important areas of biblical revelation and lose all sense of proportion in their thinking. The neo-gnostic spirit is spawned by spiritual pride. The whole counsel of God, contained in Holy Writ, must be assiduously studied and obeyed (!) in the power of the Holy Spirit with a contrite heart to arrest this nefarious impulse before it takes root in the heart.

It is my earnest plea to all who read this, whether seasoned saints or new converts, to take heed to the admonition of the great apostle Paul (whose great epistles contain the richest truths of sovereign grace): "As ye have therefore received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk ye in Him: rooted and built up in Him, and stablished in the faith, as ye have been taught, abounding therein with thanksgiving. Beware lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world, and not after Christ. For in Him dwelleth all the fullness of the Godhead bodily. And ye are complete in Him, which is the Head of all principality and power. " (Colossians 2:6-10) 

True Calvinism versus Neo-gnostic "Calvinism" 

The importance of comprehensively studying Calvinism, 

biblically, systematically, and historically to preserve true 

orthodoxy and to protect the church and individual 

believer from neo-gnostic sectarianism

by Greg Fields

As I have further reflected on the bane of neo-gnostic "calvinism" and its concomitant sectarianism, there is a vital issue to address. When understandably recoiling from the baneful theological pontificating of the neo-gnostics, we need to stress that there is an urgent need in the present theological malaise of modern evangelicalism to comprehensively study and teach the salient features of Calvinism biblically, systematically, and historically. Many of the "grass roots" Sovereign Grace fellowshipsemerging from this malaise have seriously truncated the sweeping grandeur of God's Redemptive Plan by focusing almost exclusively on the "Five Points Of Calvinism". This emphasis can very quickly lead to incredible arrogance. Each fresh discovery of Sovereign Grace (as exhilarating as this is!) can easily obviate other equally vital truths, such as "pursuing holiness in the Fear of God", "mortifying our members which are upon the earth", "Setting our minds on things above", and many other exhortations to greater conformity to Christ. The primary impetus of our professed Calvinism in the evocative words of the Puritan Robert Bolton is that " (by) a sincere endeavor, punctually and precisely, to manage, conduct, and dispose all our thoughts, words, and deeds, all our behavior and conversation, in reverence and fear, with humility and singleness of heart, as in the sight of an invisible GOD, under the perpetual presence of His all-seeing, glorious, pure eye, and by a comfortable consequence, to enjoy, by the assistance and exercise of faith, an unutterable sweet communion and humble familiarity with His Holy Majesty; in a word, to live in heaven upon earth". This attitude is as far as the east is from the west from the theological hubris of many believers indoctrinated in these nascent fellowships. As John Armstrong has keenly observed :"And if these same individuals read several books and study a bit further they will often be filled with incredible arrogance regarding what they have now learned. It has always amazed me that men who insist the knowledge of the truth is given by a gracious God act as if they somehow had so much to do with getting things right in their minds. In contrast to the above approach, truly sound learning will always humble us and make us aware of how much we still do not know!" (VIEWPOINT July-September 1998, pg. 3, emphasis added) .

"We believe that it is impossible to bring out accurately, fully, and definitely, the sum and substance of what is taught in Scripture concerning the place which the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost hold in the salvation of sinners, without taking up Calvinistic ground, without being in a manner, necessitated to assert the fundamental principles of the Calvinistic system of theology. " (William Cunningham) These stirring words should constrain us to thoroughly study under the illumination of the Holy Spirit these "fundamental principles", to "gird up the loins of our minds", to think clearly and objectively, having our knowledge formed by grace. This is no small task. It requires diligence, longsuffering, and a humble teachable spirit. Amid the bewildering welter of ephemeral ideologies that we will inevitably confront in this pursuit of learning true Calvinism, we need to meditate upon the memorable words of Thomas Goodwin: "God is the most glorious object that our minds could ever fasten upon, the most alluring. Thoughts of Him should therefore swallow up all other thoughts. . . . ". "But let him that glorieth glory in this, that he understandeth and knoweth Me, that I am the Lord. . . . . . " (Jer. 9:24a) .

As Charnock observed, "a man may be theologically knowing but spiritually ignorant". A thoroughgoing Scriptural knowledge of Biblical soteriology is only truly engendered by a fervent love for "The Lord Christ" (as Owen affectionately and reverently addressed our Regal Lord and Saviour) . The proper attitude of a Calvinist imbued with this fervent love for our Lord, and possessing a comprehensive knowledge of Biblical, Systematic, and Historical Calvinism, was wonderfully exemplified by a stalwart of the nineteenth century, Mr. Alexander Carson. His remarks form a fitting conclusion to this essay: " If there is a progress in the Christian's knowledge of the Gospel itself, every step in that progress, he must get rid of a proportional degree of ignorance and error. This proves, then , that perfect uniformity of view, much less of language, even with respect to the gospel itself; is not to be expected among Christians. According to their respective progress, there will be a difference, whether expressed or not. As far as Christians are taught of God they will agree. But even in the Gospel they are not all equally taught of God. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nothing, then, is farther from my wish then to be understood as dooming to damnation all who are not prepared to adopt the whole of my views. . . . . . . . . . . that arrogance that makes a god and saviour of its clear views, that confines salvation to a mode of expressing faith, that looks with contempt on the body of Christians, as a sort of pious infidels, that seems to delight in the fewness of the saved, finds no sanction from the Scriptures, and originates in the pride of human nature, not in godly zeal for the truth. When a man seems anxious to find out something in the faith of professing Christians at which to cavil, when he strains their language to condemn them, there is no ground to suppose that he is influenced by love. Keeping clear, therefore, of a censorious spirit, I would wish to impress Christians with the importance of my views of the subject. They have no sectarian tendency, but address themselves to the candor. . . . . of all Christians. The strength, the beauty, the glory of Christianity will appear in proportion as it is viewed in this light. " (My emphasis) 

"To Humble Ourselves Under 

The Mighty Hand of God"

John Owen Our Guide: 

The Proper Attitude of The Calvinist

by Greg Fields

This essay is an attempt, using the great Puritan theologian John Owen as a guide, to present what I have observed to be sadly lacking from professing calvinists in this so called post-modern era of church history. What is urgently needed among brethern who have been gripped by grace, who have (at least) intellectually embraced Reformed theology and Calvinistic soteriology, is a Spirit-Wrought, God-centered, Scripturally grounded, and Theologically articulate apprehension of the Fear of God. After writing two previous essays of a polemical nature against the egregious arrogance of some professing "calvinists", I have earnestly desired to write a third essay that would didactically promulgate the essence of authentic Biblical Calvinism. Recently, I have been reading and meditating upon two striking passages from Owen's magisterial seven volume An Exposition of the Epistle to The Hebrews that majestically encapsulate this essence. I will defer to that "mighty Apollo among the Puritans" as commentary on this vital matter. I will use ellipses to endeavor to capture the kernel of Owen's exposition. The passages are contained in Volume III of The Banner of Truth Trust Edition of 1991. It is my earnest prayer that these sublime words will humble your heart, illumine your mind, and ignite your will to live Soli Deo Gloria. To wit:

"First, let us exercise ourselves unto holy thoughts of God's infinite excellencies. Meditation, accompanied with holy admiration is the fountain of this duty. Some men have over busily and curiously inquired into the nature and properties of God, and have foolishly endeavoured to measure infinite things by the miserable short line of their own reason, and to suit the deep things of God unto their own narrow apprehensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Our duty lies in what God hath revealed of Himself in His Word. . . . . . . . . . with holy admiration, reverence, and fear. . . . . . . . . . . . . Heb. xii. 28, 29. In this way serious thoughts of God's excellencies and properties, His greatness, immensity, self-sufficiency, power, and wisdom, are exceedingly useful unto our souls. When these have filled us with wonder, when they have prostrated our spirits before Him, and laid our mouths in the dust and our persons on the ground, and when the glory of them shines round about us, and our whole souls are filled with astonishment, then, - Secondly, let us take a view of ourselves, our extract, our fraility, our vileness on every account. How poor, how undeserving are we!What a little sinful dust and ashes, before or in the sight of this God of Glory?What is there in us, what is there belonging unto us, that is not suited to abase us;-alive one day, dead another;quiet one moment, troubled another;fearing caring, rejoicing causelessly, sinning always;in our best condition "altogether vanity?". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in ourselves we are inexpressibly miserable, and, . . . . . . . . . . . . . "less than vanity and nothing. ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thirdly, let the result of these thoughts be a holy admiration of God's infinite love, care, grace, and condescension, in having any regard unto us. . . . . . . . . Hence will praise, hence will thankfulness, hence will self-abasement ensue. " (pages 352-353, emphasis added)

"Now, . . . . . . . . . . . . . , we may learn, -. . . to admire the riches of the grace of God, which hath provided so great salvation for poor sinners. . . . . . . . . Nothing could be abated without our eternal ruin. But when divine wisdom, goodness, love, grace, and mercy, shall set themselves at work, what will they not accomplish?. . . . . . . . . . . . In this will God be glorified and amired unto all eternity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The eternal counsel of God, the person of Christ, His mediation and grace, the promises of the gospel, the evil and wrath we are freed from, the glory and redemption purchased for us, the privileges we are admitted unto a participation of, the consolations and joys of the Spirit, the communion with God that we are called unto, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Here lies our treasure, here lies our inheritance;. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Were our minds fixed on these things as they ought, how would the glory of them cast out our cares, subdue our fears, sweeten our afflictions and persecutions, and take off our affections from the fading, perishing things of this world, and make us in every condition rejoice in hope of the glory that shall be revealed!" (page 313, emphasis added)

Gnosticism in modern times includes a variety of religious movements, mostly Christian in nature, stemming from the ancient Hellenistic society around the Mediterranean. Although origins are disputed, the period of activity for most of these movements flourished from approximately the time of the founding of Christianity until the 4th century when the writings and activities of groups deemed heretical or pagan were actively suppressed. The only information available on these movements for many centuries was the characterizations of those writing against them, and the few quotations preserved in such works.
The late 19th century saw the publication of popular sympathetic studies making use of recently rediscovered source materials. In this period there was also revival of the Gnostic religious movement in France. The emergence of the Nag Hammadi library in 1945, greatly increased the amount of source material available. Its translation into English and other modern languages in 1977, resulted in a wide dissemination, and has as a result had observable influence on several modern figures, and upon modern Western culture in general. This article attempts to summarize those modern figures and movements that have been influenced by Gnosticism, both prior and subsequent to the Nag Hammadi discovery.




Taking their cue from the seminal French bestseller by Louis Pauwels and
Jacques Bergier, Le matin des magiciens (1960), later widely translated into
many foreign languages, numerous popular books published in Britain,
France and the United States linked Hitler and the Nazis with secret societies,
the occult and magic from the early 1960s onward, with a peak around the
mid-1970s.4Again, the effect was to dehistoricize the facts of dictatorship, terror,
war and oppression into a mythological tableau of demonic mission and
planetary change. The occultmythology also charged Nazi artifacts and relics
withmagical powers of revival and restoration. Fictional themes such as the recovery
of Hitler’s ashes or the location of a secretNazi colony in theHimalayas
henceforth jostled with the older stories of Nazi survival. Although originally
a literary phenomenon, the perverse theology of the“NaziMysteries” became
a potent element inmystical neo-Nazism during the 1980s and 1990s.
These popular books have persistently represented the Nazi phenomenon
as the product of arcane and demonic influences. The remarkable story of
Hitler’s rise to power is directly linked to supernatural powers. According to
this mythology, the appeal of Nazism cannot be explained adequately by secular
or material considerations.No empirical analysis of social and economic
factors could ever account for its nefarious irrationalism and early lightning
successes. The modern mysteriosophy of Nazism chooses rather to explain
the rise of the Third Reich in terms of an absolute but secret power that supported
and controlled Hitler and his entourage. This hidden power is characterized
either as a discarnate entity (e.g.,“black forces,”“invisible hierarchies,”
“unknown superiors”) or as an occult elite in a distant age or remote location,
with which the Nazis were in contact. Recurring themes in this popular tradition
have been Hitler’s mediumistic possession, a Nazi link with hidden
masters in the East, and the Thule Society and other occult orders as channels
of black initiation. All writers in this genre thus document a secret history of
the Third Reich, unknown to conventional historians, as the instrument of
dark powers for the achievement of satanic ends.

Hans Thomas Hakl (auch H. T. Hakl, H. T. Hansen oder H.T.H.; * 1947 in Graz, Österreich) ist ein österreichischer Autor, Übersetzer, Herausgeber, Redakteur. Unter dem Pseudonym H. T. Hansen ist er als Übersetzer und Fachmann für das esoterische Werk des Kulturphilosophen Julius Evola im deutschen Sprachraum bekannt geworden. Sein Buch Der verborgene Geist von Eranos gilt als Standardwerk zu den seit 1933 stattfindenden Eranos-Tagungen.Schon in ganz jungen Jahren mit fernöstlichem und jungianischem Gedankengut in Berührung gekommen. Kontakte zu Adolf Hemberger. Seit einer Begegnung mit Julius Evola Anfang der 70er Jahre in Rom begann H. T. Hakl sich intensiv mit den Büchern des umstrittenen Künstlers, Kultur- und Religionsphilosophen, Esoterikers und Gelehrten zu beschäftigen. Unter dem Pseudonym H. T. Hansen übersetzte er Bücher Evolas aus dem Italienischen ins Deutsche. Darunter die in mehreren Auflagen erschienenen esoterischen Werke Ur I und Ur II sowie Die hermetische Tradition. Die Nutzung dieses Pseudonyms führte aber auch zu Missverständnissen und Anschuldigungen, „Verteidiger und Propagandist“ Evolas zu sein; Hakl sieht sich „dagegen als einen der ganz Wenigen, die einen Mittelweg suchen zwischen undifferenzierter Verteufelung und himmelhochjauchzender Verehrung dieses Mannes“, und verwendet das Pseudonym seit 2000 nicht mehr.Er gilt als Experte für das esoterische Werk von Julius Evola im deutschen Sprachraum.Sein Buch Der verborgene Geist von Eranos dokumentiert die Geschichte der Eranos-Tagungen, einer Begegnungsstätte zwischen Ost und West, die zwischen Wissenschaft und Esoterik vermitteln will und maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die Geistesgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts hatte. Persönlichkeiten wie C. G. Jung, Gershom Scholem, Mircea Eliade, Adolf Portmann, Karl Kerényi, Heinrich Zimmer, Henry Corbin, Annemarie Schimmel, oder D. T. Suzuki trafen sich dort im Laufe der Jahre zu Vorträgen und Gesprächen. Das Buch dokumentiert eine alternative Geistesgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts.Im Laufe der Jahre schrieb Hakl Aufsätze oder Vorworte zur Neuauflage von Werken folgender Personen: Nikolaus Flamel, Papus,Karlfried Graf Dürckheim, Hans Freimark, Dr. Franz Sättler-(Musallam), Éliphas Lévi, René Guénon, George Robert Stow Mead, Aleister Crowley, Bal Gangadhar Tilak.Hakl hat bei esoterischen und wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriften in mehreren Ländern ebenso wie bei einschlägigen internationalen Lexika mitgearbeitet.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Thomas_Hakl
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eranos

Hans Thomas Hakl has done pioneering work in identifying the early
French sources for a Hitler guided by occult forces. Writing in 1934, René
Kopp, a Christian mystical author, sought the secret of the success of
Napoleon,Mussolini and Hitler in “destiny” as “the totality of invisible spiritual
forces which influence mankind. . . . The masters of the world (especially
Hitler) have been placed on earth by these powers with intent.” Analyzing
photographs of Hitler over time, Kopp decided that his face had changed and
that he showed signs of somnambulism, indicating the possibility of “possession
by a spirit of unknown origin.” 


Another French writer, Edouard Saby,
writing in the spring of 1939, also alluded to Hitler as a medium, a magician
and initiate, finding proof of Hitler’s magical activity in his vegetarianism, his
self-discipline, his artistic development and his magical gaze and gestures.
Saby adduced the history of the Vehm (a secret medieval court), and an alleged
member of the “order” was quoted as saying: “We trained, encircled and
led Hitler, we Brothers of the Holy Vehm; we, the Seven Commanders of the
Rosy Cross of Bavaria; we, the High Initiates. . . .”5 Here one finds the prewar
seeds of the myth of Nazi occult forces.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehmic_court
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feme_murders
http://books.google.com/books?id=BlXPSphM840C
http://books.google.com/books?id=qzhYCZCwTPQC
http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Collier%27s_New_Encyclopedia_(1921)/Femgerichte
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOHOfRzVfiQ
http://www.unexplainedstuff.com/Secret-Societies/The-Holy-Vehm.html
http://www.redicecreations.com/specialreports/2006/05may/holyvehm.html

As the largest Roman Catholic nation in western Europe and the cradle of
the Enlightenment, France has always tended to view militant and nationalist
developments in Germany both in terms of Christian teachings and the new
religion of reason. Hostile movements in her neighbor across the Rhine are
often disqualified as irrational, but if categories of religious thought predominate,
German motives can be seen as evil and ungodly. The attribution of potentially
demonic inspiration to Hitler indicates the latter viewpoint among
French Christian and esoteric writers. Here it should be remembered that
Hermann Rauschning’s book, Hitler m’a dit (1940), appeared in French just
as the German Army was invading the country. 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Rauschning
http://www.bibleetnombres.online.fr/pdf/Hitler_m_a_dit.pdf


As the air-raid sirens whined
and the population of Paris was gripped by panic at the prospect of renewed
occupation by the dreaded “Boche,” these alleged conversations with Hitler
were intended to show dramatically that the German enemy was more than a
common foe but infernally inspired. Rauschning’s book offered strong moral
propaganda: France would prevail, it could be thought, because God was on
her side against the devil.

In this mythology, Hitler’s demonic possession is directly linked to his
Nietzschean vision of a new species of mankind, theAryan superman whowill
become a god among mere mortals. The breeding of this divine mutation is
the task of National Socialism, which is thus no mere political movement but
is concerned with transforming the very nature of life on earth. The original
source for these ideas was Hermann Rauschning (1887–1982), a member of
the conservative Prussian ruling class and the former president of the Danzig
Senate who broke early with the Nazis. After emigrating from Germany in
1936, hewrote several books exposing the vulgar leadership and base methods
of theNazis for English, French andAmerican publication. Allegedly based on
a long series of personal conversationswith the German dictator,Hitler Speaks
(1939) was intended to reveal his nihilism, fanaticism and warmongering ambitions
as well as an unstable and prurient personality. Although recent scholarship
has almost certainly proved that Rauschning’s conversations were
mostly invented, his record has an uncanny note of veracity, recording the authentic
voice of Hitler by inspired guesswork and imagination.

Rauschning’s importance to the later mythology of Hitler’s demonic possession
is evident from a few sample quotations:“Hitler was abandoning himself
to forces which were carrying him away—forces of dark and destructive
violence. He imagined that he still had freedom of choice, but he had long
been in bondage to a magic which might well have been described, not only
in metaphor but in literal fact, as that of evil spirits.” This satanic compact is
linked to the blasphemous Nazi ambition of breeding an Aryan superman. 

http://books.google.gr/books?id=PndurCstDZMC&pg=PA243&lpg=PA243&dq=The+Human+Solstice+by+Rauschning&source=bl&ots=bsOJm0xdcZ&sig=eUP3Cmh2gkpe9At0n8nt8RWMDoY&hl=el&sa=X&ei=SyAZUb-dHYbkswaMqIC4Bg&sqi=2&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAQ

https://www.google.gr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&cad=rja&sqi=2&ved=0CFEQFjAG&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FHitler_Speaks.html%3Fid%3DhtfLPlvxVzIC&ei=SyAZUb-dHYbkswaMqIC4Bg&usg=AFQjCNEUa37ivN6dQCwAa5iV84NUzMAoIw&bvm=bv.42080656,d.Yms

In a chapter entitled “The Human Solstice,”Rauschning reports Hitler’s musings
on the magical evolution of a higher human species, the opening of the Cyclopean
eye as an organ of supernatural perception and other occult powers:
“Man is God in the making. . . . Those who see in National Socialism nothing
more than a political movement know scarcely anything of it. It is more even
than a religion: it is the will to create mankind anew.” Hitler adds triumphantly:
“The new man is among us! He is here! . . . I will tell you a secret.
I have seen the vision of the new man—fearless and formidable. I shrank
from him!” Another episode records Hitler waking in the night, screaming
and shaking with terror at the apparition of an unnamed presence, presumably
a demonic vision of the superman.

Rauschning’s conversations were to have the most potent influence in inspiring
the 1960s mythology of a demonic Hitler, first in France.With a lost
war, collaboration and Allied liberation in recent memory, the demonic interpretation
of Hiler and Nazism could also serve as an excuse for defeat at
an unconscious level and a bandage for wounded French pride. How could
mere mortals have armed themselves against these monstrous powers of
darkness? In support of their thesis of Hitler’s awesome plans for a mutation
of the human race, Pauwels and Bergier quoted extensively from Hermann
Rauschning: Hitler’s pronouncements about magical consciousness, the fearsome
new man, the cyclical development of humanity, the end of its “solar period”
and the dawn of a new race in nothing less than a planetary crisis.8
These and similar passages from Rauschning frequently appear in the books
of Trevor Ravenscroft, James Herbert Brennan and subsequent exponents of
the new “Nazi Mysteries.”The purpose of such Rauschning quotations is
typically twofold: on the one hand, to demonstrate Hitler’s surrender to evil
powers; on the other, to suggest a Nazi satanic compact to achieve a magical
transformation of consciousness and even the physical nature of life on earth,
the inauguration of a new aeon.

The literature of the “Nazi Mysteries” quickly mixed up such demonism
with the myth of a Nazi link with the Orient which had a complex pedigree
of Theosophical and French provenance. Originally rooted in Tibetan and
Mongolian mythology, the notion of hidden sacred centers in the East was
first popularized to Western audiences by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, the
founder of modern Theosophy. In The Secret Doctrine (1888), based on the
“Stanzas of Dzyan,” which she claimed to have read in a secret Himalayan
lamasery, Blavatsky maintained that there existed many similar centers of esoteric
learning and initiation; magnificent libraries and fabulous monasteries
were supposed to lie in mountain caves and underground labyrinths in
the unexplored regions of Central Asia. Notable examples of these centers
were the subterranean city of Agadi, thought to lie in Babylonia, and the fair
oasis of Shamballah in the Gobi Desert, where the divine instructors of the
Aryan race were said to have preserved their sacred lore.Other Theosophical
writers later extended these speculations. Annie Besant and Charles
Leadbeater described “Shambhalla” as a city founded c. 70,000 b.c. by the
leader of the Aryan race on the shores of a now-vanished Gobi Sea, while
Alice Bailey identified “Shamballa” as the seat of the “Lord of the World,”
again in the Gobi Desert, who watches over the evolution of men until all
have been saved.

The legend of Agartha, the other hidden sacred center in the East, was developed
by French occultists writing from the late nineteenth century onward.
Louis Jacolliot (1837–1890), a French official at Chandernagore in
India under the Second Empire, wrote a trilogy on Indian mythology and its
relationship to Christianity. In Le fils de Dieu (1873) he relates local Brahmans’
stories of “Asgartha,” a prehistoric solar capital, which was the seat of
the chief priest of all Brahmans and the manifestation of God on earth. Later
taken by the invading Aryans, the city was finally destroyed by the Norsemen
around 5000 b.c.This mythology was greatly elaborated by the French occultist,
Joseph Saint-Yves d’Alveydre (1842–1909), who described the secret
city of Agartha as an underground theocracy in the Himalayas that guided the
course of world history. Originally on the surface of the earth, Agartha was
transferred underground and concealed from the rest of humanity at the beginning
of the Kali Yuga, dated to around 3200 b.c.Here a technologically and
spiritually superior society of millions is ruled by a supreme pontiff. Once the
surface world has reached a sufficiently advanced level of enlightenment,
Agartha will reveal itself in all its glory and complete the epiphany of
mankind in a global transformation.

After the First World War, the Polish adventure and travel writer Ferdynand
Ossendowski presented a further version of the myth of Agartha. In an
account of his journey through Siberia and Mongolia after the Russian Revolution,
Ossendowski related local Buddhist beliefs, which referred to the subterranean
kingdom of “Agharti,” where the King of the World reigned. This
utopian realm was credited with supernatural powers that could be unleashed
to destroy an evil mankind and transform the surface of the entire planet.
Apocalyptic prophecies suggested that the King of the World would manifest
when the time had come for him to lead all the good people of the world
against the bad. However, in 1890 the King of the World was said to have appeared
at Narabanchi monastery and foretold a forthcoming period of war,
hunger, disease and dreadful crimes, at the end of which he would send a people,
now unknown, to lead men in the fight against evil, who would found “a
new life on the earth purified by the death of nations.” Finally, in the year 2029
the peoples of Agharti would swarm forth from their subterranean caverns
onto the surface of the earth.The French esotericist René Guénon
(1886–1951) was intrigued by Ossendowski’s account and later published his
own book on the spiritual center of the world as Le roi du monde (1927).
These ideas of a secret theocracy in the East were supplemented by the
spiritual power of vril in the “Nazi Mysteries.” In his novel The Coming Race
(1871), Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton had attributed this power to a subterranean
race of men, the Vril-ya, psychically far in advance of the human
species. The powers of vril (most likely derived from the Latin virile) included
telepathy and telekinesis. This purely fictional notion was quoted by Madame
Blavatsky in Isis Unveiled (1877) as but one name of the mysterious, all-pervading
force known to man since the ancient theurgists.15 The vril was understood
to be an enormous reservoir of psychic energy not only in the world
at large but also in the human organism, only accessible to initiates. It was believed
by some occultists that whoever became master of the vril force could,
like Bulwer-Lytton’s underground race of Vril-ya, enjoy total mastery over all
nature.

Willy Ley,who emigrated to the United States in 1935 after a short career
as a rocket engineer in Germany,wrote a short account of the pseudo-scientific
ideas that had found some official acceptance during the Third Reich.
Besides Hörbiger’s World Ice Theory and a Hollow Earth Doctrine, both of
which found leading Nazi patrons, Ley recalled a Berlin sect that had engaged
in meditation exercises focusing on a bisected apple, in order to penetrate the
secret of vril.
Pauwels and Bergier cited this article in their Le matin de magiciens and exaggerated
the significance of this obscure Berlin sect in order to claim that the
Nazi leadership was determined to establish contact with an onmipotent subterranean
theocracy and gain knowledge of its power. It was supposed that
this power would enable Germany to conquer the whole world and transform
human life in accordance with an apocalyptic vision:
Alliances could be formed with the Master of the World or the king of Fear
who reigns over a city hidden somewhere in the East. Those who conclude a
pact will change the surface of the Earth and endow the human adventure
with a new meaning for many thousands of years. . . . The world will change:
the Lords will emerge from the center of the Earth. Unless we have made an
alliance with them and become Lords ourselves,we shall find ourselves among
the slaves, on the dungheap that will nourish the roots of the New Cities that
will arise.17
Pauwels and Bergier claimed that Hitler and his entourage believed in such
ideas. In their account, the Berlin sect was known as the Vril Society or the
Luminous Lodge, and it was credited with the status of an important Nazi
organization. A French psychiatrist was quoted to the effect that “Hitler’s real
aimwas to performan act of creation, a divine operation . . . a biological mutation
which would result in an unprecedented exaltation of the human race
and the ‘apparition of a new race of heroes and demi-gods and god-men.’”18
In this way, racism was linked with the vril force and the occult mythology
of an Eastern theocracy to evoke a millenarian image of the Nazi future.

Commenting on the Nazis’ religio-mythological thinking backed by science
and technology, Pauwels and Bergier described Hitlerism as “Guénonism
plus tanks.”

The “Nazi Mysteries” reserve a special place for the Thule Society and certain
of its members as the occult center of the Nazi movement and a channel
of black magical initiation for the mediumistic Hitler. Founded in Munich in
July 1918 by Rudolf von Sebottendorff (1875–1945), the Thule Society was a
völkisch-racist group named after Ultima Thule. This northern land was
recorded by the Greek navigator Pytheas of Marseilles circa 400 b.c. and tentatively
identified as Iceland. As the homeland of the Eddas, Iceland was regarded
by Guido von List and other German nationalists at the turn of the
century as the last refuge of ancient Teutons who rejected Christianity. The
Thule Society certainly acted as an important focus for nationalist and racist
circles at the end of the First World War and provided military support
against the left-wing revolution in Bavaria during the spring of 1919. It may
justifiably be regarded as a ginger-group and predecessor of the National Socialist
German Workers’ Party. Organizational and personal links passed directly
from the Thule Society via a Political Workers’ Circle to the German
Workers’ Party, the precursor of the Nazi Party. Such later leading Nazi personalities
as Rudolf Hess and Hans Frank were members of the Thule, while
Dietrich Eckart and Alfred Rosenberg were guests.

Pauwels and Bergier singled out two particular individuals as Hitler’s occult
mentors in Munich during the early 1920s. 

Dietrich Eckart (1868–1923)
was a bohemian playwright who achieved some renown for his translation of
Ibsen’s Peer Gynt.He was also a rabidly anti-Semitic journalist and prominent
in the nationalist circles of Munich as the editor of his newspaper, Auf gut
deutsch. He is also known to have frequented the Thule Society in 1919.
Eckart and Hitler probably first met in November 1919 while working on the
German Workers’ Party program and became close companions throughout
1920 and 1921. The experienced and well-connected Eckart not only gave
force and focus to Hitler’s burgeoning anti-Semitism, but also introduced the
young party leader to people in moneyed and influential social circles.
Eckart’s influence waned with Hitler’s growing renown and self-confidence
after 1922; he was not even involved in the plans for the Munich putsch and
died shortly afterwards on 26 December 1923. However, Hitler remained devoted
to his old friend, honoring him with various memorials within the
party and a dedication in the second volume of Mein Kampf.

According to Pauwels and Bergier,Hitler’s other alleged occult mentor and
a powerful Thule initiate was Karl Haushofer (1869–1946), the central figure
in German geopolitics. After a military career leading to the rank of major-
general in the Reichswehr in the First World War, Haushofer had devoted
himself to the study of political geography, subsequently gaining the Chair of
Geopolitics at Munich University, where Rudolf Hess was his student assistant.
When Hitler and Hess were imprisoned at Landsberg after the putsch,
Haushofer is known to have visited his former pupil and also met Hitler.
Hitler is supposed to have been impressed by Haushofer’s geopolitical theories
claiming that the “heartland” of Eastern Europe and Russia ensured its
rulers a wider dominance in the world.

Haushofer had also spent the years 1908–10 in Asia and cultivated a lifelong
interest in the Far East, especially Japan. Assigned as military attaché
to the German Embassy in Tokyo, he had also traveled in India, Burma,
Korea and China. But these links with the East were sufficient grist for the
“Nazi Mysteries” mill. Already in 1954, Pauwels had written a book on the
Caucasian thaumaturge George Ivanovitch Gurdjieff (1866–1949), in
which he claimed that Haushofer met Gurdjieff in Tibet in 1903, 1905,
1906 and 1908. Back in Germany in 1923, Haushofer had supposedly
founded the Thule Society, modeled on similar groups in Tibet, with a philosophy
based on the two cities of Agarthi [sic] and “Shampullah” [sic].

Pauwels described the latter as a city of violence, ruled by the King of Fear,
with whom an alliance could be made to rule the world. He alleged that the
Thule group formed such an alliance with “Shampullah” in 1928 through a
colony of Tibetan monks in Berlin.23 In rebuttal of this legend, it should
simply be pointed out that Haushofer had never traveled outside Europe
prior to 1908, and that his well-documented movements in the Far East
precluded any visit to Tibet.24 Pauwels’s only source for this alleged contact
between Haushofer and Gurdjieff is Jacques Bergier, who claimed to have
received his information from German officers with whom he was imprisoned
at Mauthausen camp.
According to Pauwels and Bergier, the influence of Eckart and Haushofer
upon Hitler chiefly related to the communication of arcane knowledge derived
from unknown powers. Shortly before his death, Eckart is reported to
have said: “Follow Hitler. He will dance, but it is I who called the tune. We
have given him the means of communicating with Them. Do not mourn for
me: I shall have influenced history more than any other German.” Eckart’s
role as an occult mediator was thus explicitly linked to invisible hierarchies.
Thule was thought to have been the magic centre of a vanished civilization.
Eckardt [sic] and his friends believed that not all the secrets of Thule had perished.
Beings intermediate between Man and other intelligent beings from Beyond,
would place at the disposal of the Initiates [i.e., the members of the
Thule Society] a reservoir of forces which could be drawn on to enable Germany
to dominate the world . . . [its] leaders would be men who knew everything,
deriving their strength from the very fountain-head of energy and
guided by the Great Ones of the Ancient World. Such were the myths on which
the Aryan doctrine of Eckardt and Rosenberg was founded and which these
prophets . . . had instilled into the mediumistic mind of Hitler. [The Thule Society]
was soon to become . . . an instrument changing the very nature of reality
. . . under the influence of Karl Haushofer the group took on its true character
as a society of Initiates in communion with the Invisible, and became the
magic centre of the Nazi movement.

This wholly spurious account also claimed that Haushofer was a member
of the Luminous Lodge, a secret Buddhist society in Japan, and the Thule
Society.

According to the legend with which Haushofer no doubt became acquainted
in 1905, and the version which René Guénon gave of it in his Le Roi du Monde,
after the cataclysm of Gobi the lords and masters of this great centre of civilization,
the All-Knowing, the sons of Intelligences from Beyond, took up their
abode in a vast underground encampment under the Himalayas. There, in the
heart of these caves, they divided into two groups, one following the “Right
Hand Way,” and the other the “Left Hand Way.” The first of these had its centre
at Agarthi, a place of meditation, a hidden city of Goodness, a temple of
non-participation in the things of this world. The second went to Schamballah,
a city of violence and power whose forces command the elements and the
masses of humanity, and hasten the arrival of the human race at the “turningpoint
of time.”

It was thus as an initiate of the Eastern theocracy, rather than as a geopolitician,
that Haushofer is supposed to have proclaimed to Hitler the necessity of
“a return to the sources” of the human race in Central Asia. He was therefore
advocating the Nazi conquest of Turkestan, Pamir,Gobi and Tibet in order to
secure Germany’s access to the hidden centers of power in the East.26
This sensational image of the Thule Society and its members is almost entirely
a fictional invention.Hitler never attended a single meeting of the Thule
Society. While the founder of the Thule Society, Rudolf von Sebottendorff,
was certainly interested in the occult, a detailed diary of its regular meetings
from 1918 to 1925 maintained by its secretary, Johannes Hering, mentions
only two lectures on such topics. On 31 August 1918, Sebottendorff gave a talk
on dowsing, of which Hering disapproved, commenting that occultism
brought dubious members into the Thule from time to time; and on 23 February
1919 a certain Wilde lectured on occultism. All other lectures and excursions
were devoted to such themes as megalithic culture, the original
homeland of the Teutons, Germanic myths and poetry, the Thule legend, the
Jews and Zionism, and current political issues. Eckart was only a guest, once
giving a reading from his plays Lorenzaccio and Ahasver on 30 May 1919, and
there is no evidence whatsoever to link Haushofer with the group. Far from
growing in importance as an occult group behind the Nazi Party, the Thule
Society was politically insignificant by 1920 and lapsed into complete inactivity
after 1925.27 Throughout its heyday of 1918–19 and afterwards, the
Thule Society was defined by its nationalist and anti-Semitic ideology and a
solid Munich middle-class membership.

Once Pauwels and Bergier had provided this basic stock of myths relating
to the occult inspiration of Nazism, further authors were tempted into a senstational
field that promised evident commercial success. In Germany, Dietrich
Bronder repeated the story of the Haushofer-Gurdjieff link, including
the former’s initiation into Tibetan mysteries and the Berlin colony of monks;
in fact, the 1939 SS expedition of Ernst Schäfer was said to have gone to Tibet
with the express purpose of establishing a vital radio link between the Third
Reich and the lamas. Bronder was the first to write in this vein about Sebottendorff,
who, despite his occult interests, had not been mentioned by
Pauwels and Bergier. He capped his account of the Nazi occult background
with a spurious membership roll of the Thule Society that wrongly included
Hitler,Mussolini, Goering and Himmler.28 In France, many books devoted to
the mysteriosophy of Nazism rolled off the presses.Accounts of Hitler’s mediumship,
Dietrich Eckart and a sinister link between Nazi Germany and a
theosophically imagined Tibet, indicating the Vril Society, the ill-used
Haushofer, Sebottendorff and the Thule Society, were busily repeated in
Pierre Mariel’s L’Europe païenne du XXe siècle (1964), René Alleau’s Hitler et
les sociétés secrètes (1969),Werner Gerson’s Le Nazisme, société secrète (1969)
and Jean-Claude Frère’s Nazisme et sociétés secrètes (1974).
Only one part of Pauwels and Bergier’s book addressed Nazi occultism in
a work that was otherwise concerned with fabulous vistas of prehistory, ancient
science and lost civilizations. This mixture has proved to be a successful
market formula. The popular books of Robert Charroux also explore the
mysteries of the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Hyperborea, Atlantis,Mu and
the American Indians. Born in 1909, Robert Charroux served as Minister for
Cultural Affairs in the French Vichy government; from 1960 onward he devoted
himself to archaeology, prehistory and a reintepretation of ancient
civilizations, suggesting a familiarity with Julius Evola’s ideas. In Le livre des
secrets trahis (1964) he speculates on whether the Hyperboreans were extraterrestrials
from Venus who became the tutors of early mankind. The emnity
of the Hyperboreans and the Hebrews, the myth of the Black Sun, the Thule
Society and Agartha all appear in his work.29 Originally published in France
and translated into many languages, Charroux could boast of more than two
million readers by the 1970s. Sharing with Erich von Däniken an international
reputation for the literature of gods and ancient astronauts, Charroux
extended the “Nazi Mysteries” into a wider mythology of Aryans and their
semi-divine ancestors.

Probably the single most influential “Nazi Mysteries” book in the Englishspeaking
world was The Spear of Destiny (1972), written by Trevor Ravenscroft
(1921–1989). A British commando in the North African campaign during
World War II, Ravenscroft was captured and imprisoned at a POW camp
in Germany from 1941 to 1945. He subsequently became a journalist on the
Beaverbrook Press and worked for the International Publishing Corporation.
Sometime after the war, Ravenscroft claimed he met Walter Johannes Stein
(1891–1957), a Viennese Jew who had emigrated from from Germany to
Britain in 1933, to whom he falsely attributed a most amazing story of Hitler’s
demonic inspiration.

Before the establishment of the Third Reich, Stein had taught at the Waldorf
School in Stuttgart, which was run according to the anthroposophical
principles of Rudolf Steiner. During his time there, Stein wrote a curious and
learned book,Weltgeschichte im Lichte des Heiligen Gral (1928), which gave a
spiritual interpretation of history and its Christian fulfillment based on the
legend of the Holy Grail. In particular, Stein argued that the Grail romance of
Wolfram von Eschenbach’s Parzival (c. 1200) had been based on the historical
background of the ninth century, and that the fabulous characters of the
epic corresponded to real persons who had lived during the Carolingian Empire.

Τhe Grail king Anfortas was named as King Charles the Bald, the grandson of Charlemagne; 
Cundrie, the sorceress and messenger of the Grail, was considered to have been Ricilda the Bad; 
Parzival himself was named as Luitward of Vercelli, the chancellor of the Frankish court; and
Klingsor, the evil magician and owner of the Castle of Wonders, was identified as Landulf II of Capua, a man of sinister reputation due to his pact with the heathen powers of Islam in Arab-occupied Sicily. 

The battle between the Christian knights and their evil adversaries was understood as an allegory of their enduring struggle for possession of the Holy Lance, the Spear of Longinus that pierced the side of Christ at his Crucifixion.

On the basis of his possible contact with Stein and knowledge of his work,
Ravenscroft developed his own occult account of Nazism, which revolved
around Hitler’s supposed obsession with Grail mysteries and the Spear of
Longinus. In The Spear of Destiny, Ravenscroft described how the young student
Stein had discovered a worn, secondhand copy of Eschenbach’s Parzival
in an occult bookshop in the old quarter of Vienna in August 1912. This volume
contained numerous handwritten jottings in the form of a commentary
on the text, which interpreted the Grail epic as trials of initiation upon a path
to the attainment of transcendent consciousness. This interpretation was
supported by many quotations in the same hand drawn from oriental religions,
alchemy, astrology and mysticism. Stein also noted that a strong theme
of anti-Semitic hatred and pan-German racial fanaticism ran through the entire
commentary. The name written on the inside cover of the book indicated
that its previous owner was one Adolf Hitler.

His curiosity aroused concerning the jottings, Stein allegedly returned to
the bookshop to ask the proprietor if he could tell him anything about this
Hitler. Ernst Pretzsche informed Stein that the young Hitler was was an assiduous
student of the occult and gave him his address. Stein sought Hitler
out. In the course of their frequent meetings, in late 1912 and early 1913, Stein
learned that Hitler believed that the Spear of Longinus could grant its owner
unlimited power to perform either good or evil. The succession of previous
owners allegedly included Constantine the Great, Charles Martel, Henry the
Fowler, Otto the Great and the Hohenstauffen emperors. As the property of
the Habsburg dynasty since the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in
1806, the Holy Lance now lay on view in the Treasure House of the Hofburg
in Vienna. Hitler was determined to gain possession of the lance in order to
guarantee the success of his own bid for world domination. Ravenscroft also
included the sensational story that Hitler had accelerated his occult development
through the use of hallucinogenic peyote, which he had been given by
Pretzsche, who had worked until 1892 as an apothecary’s assistant in the German
colony in Mexico City.

Much of this might seem plausible. Hitler’s knowledge of the Grail romances
and the Spear of Longinus could easily be attributed to his ardent enthusiasm
for the operas of Richard Wagner (1813–83), whom he idolized as
the greatest interpreter of the Germanic folk-spirit. The Grail and its knights
play a central part in Lohengrin (1850), which Hitler first saw at age twelve in
Linz and again more than ten times during his time in Vienna between 1907
and 1913. Parsifal (1882),Wagner’s last work and the only one to involve the
Spear, was based on Eschenbach’s Grail story but fused the original Christian
symbolism with the blood mystique of the Aryan racial myth. Here Parsifal
was the chaste champion of Aryan manhood who alone could retrieve the sacred
spear that had penetrated Christ’s side and thus preserve the Grail, the
talisman of the German race. Since Hitler studied all the Wagner librettos, he
would have been well aware of the racial overtones of Parsifal. During the
1930s he declared that this opera was the basis of his racial religion and a
Rauschning conversation refers to “the holy grail of pure blood.”34 Ravenscroft’s
allusions to Hitler’s occult reading matter in Vienna was already endorsed
by Alan Bullock’s masterly biography, which referred to his appetite
for books on “the Eastern religions, yoga, occultism, hypnotism, astrology.”35
The only trouble with all this is that Ravenscroft was lying about his source.
Stein never knew Hitler personally in Vienna or anywhere else, while the figure
of Ernst Pretzsche was plainly invented.

Ravenscroft described an equally fanciful social network of people supposedly
involved with occult lore in Munich, Hitler’s next station in life. Dietrich
Eckart was described as an occult initiate who had traveled in Sicily to
find the castle of Landulf II at Caltabelotta, where this putative model for
Klingsor had performed satanic rituals of Arabian astrological magic that
were said to have appalled the Christians of southern Europe. 

Caltabellotta (Sicilian: Cataviddotta) is acomune (municipality) in the Province of Agrigento in the Italian region Sicily, located about 60 km south of Palermo and about 45 km northwest of Agrigento.
The title was bestowed on 22 May 1554 to Pedro de Luna – Peralta y Medici-Salviati, (c. 1520–1575), who had married Isabel de Vega y Osorio, (born c1525), daughter of the Ambassador Juan de Vega y Enríque, and Leonor Perez – Osorio y Sarmiento, (d. 30 March 1550, Palermo). He was 10th Count of Caltabellotta, and also Count (Conte in Italian) of Calatafimi, Sclafani, and Caltavuturo. Two of their children were 2nd and 3rd Dukes of Bivona.

Landulf II (c. 825 – 879) was Bishop and Count of Capua. He was the youngest of four sons of Landulf I, gastald of Capua. As a young man, he entered the church. When his father died, his eldest brother, Lando, succeeded him.

On the death of the bishop of Capua, Paulinus, Lando made Landulf bishop of the city. Lando died in 861 and his young son, Lando IIwas deposed only a few months later by Landulf's other elder brother, Pando. Pando too died soon thereafter (862 or 863) and a succession crisis broke out. Pando's son Pandenulf was shoved aside and Landulf, though bishop, took the Capuan throne in 863. However, the other branches of the family refused to recognize the usurpation and began seizing much of the county for themselves, leaving Landulf II only in control of the town of Capua proper. Isolated, Landulf II invited Saracen mercenaries to ravage the lands of his familiars, a move which much alarmed his neighbors (including the pope).

In 866, the deposed Pandenulf appealed to Emperor Louis II, then visiting Monte Cassino, to act against his uncle. The Emperor promptly besieged Capua and divested Landulf II, but instead of restoring Pandenulf, decided to pass the county of Capua over to the marquis Lambert I of Spoleto. This arrangement did not last long. In 871, Lambert was involved in a rebellion against Louis II orchestrated by Adelchis of Benevento. In the aftermath, Louis II deposed Lambert and restored Landulf II as count of Capua. As a condition, Landulf II swore off deploying Saracens in the county.

Upon the death of Louis (875), who had strictly enforced peace amongst the Christians of the Mezzogiorno, Landulf II allied himself with the Saracens, but in 877, Pope John VIII convinced him to ally himself to the papacy against the Muslims. He spent the next years defending the Amalfi Coast with his navy in return for tribute.

Landulf II died in 879, undisputed count of Capua, and a succession crisis broke out again between his nephews Lando II (son of Lando), Pandenulf (son of Pando) and Lando III (son of Landenulf of Teano).

In the chronicle of Erchempert, of whom he was a contemporary, Landulf II of Capua is the chief villain, portrayed as a dabbler in mysticism and black magic, Saracen ally and enemy of Christendom. Erchempert's portrayal of Landulf II was the inspiration for the character of evil duke and magician Klingsor in Wolfram von Eschenbach's medieval epic Parzival. Eschenbach's epic was later translated into the famous nineteenth-century opera Parsifal by Richard Wagner. As American film director George Lucas is frequently said to have looked to Parsifal for inspiration in his creation of the Star Wars saga, Landulf II of Capua, via this long chain of association, is the closest historical source for the villanous Darth Vader.

Erchempert (also Herempert, Latin: Erchempertus) was a monk of Monte Cassino in the south of Italy in the final quarter of the ninth century. He chronicled a history of Lombard Benevento, giving an especially vivid account of the violence surrounding his monastic retreat in his own day. Beginning with Duke Arechis I, his history, titled the Historia Langobardorum Beneventanorum degentium (The History of the Lombards living in Benevento), stops abruptly in the winter of 888-889. Just one medieval manuscript of this text survives, from the early fourteenth century.

http://scholarship.rice.edu/handle/1911/16821

Landulf was
supposed to have invoked the spirits of darkness through the torture and sacrifice
of human victims; Ravenscroft suggested that the Thule Society, under
the direction of Eckart, performed similar rituals on Jews and communists
who had unaccountably disappeared in Munich during the early postwar
years. Ravenscroft even recruited for his “Nazi Mysteries” the person of Aleister
Crowley (1875–1947), the notorious English magician, who established
his antinomian Abbey of Thelema at Celafù in 1921. 

The Abbey of Thelema refers to a small house which was used as a temple and spiritual centre founded by Aleister Crowley and Leah Hirsig in Cefalù, Sicily in 1920.

The name was borrowed from François Rabelais's satireGargantua and Pantagruel,where an Abbey of Thélème is described as a sort of "anti-monastery" where the lives of the inhabitants were "spent not in laws, statutes, or rules, but according to their own free will and pleasure."^[3] This idealistic utopia was to be the model of Crowley's commune, while also being a type ofmagical school, giving it the designation "Collegium ad Spiritum Sanctum", A College towards the Holy Spirit. The general program was in line with the A∴A∴ course of training, and included daily adorations to the sun, a study of Crowley's writings, regular yogic and ritual practices (which were to be recorded), as well as general domestic labor. The object was for students to devote themselves to the Great Work of discovering and manifesting their True Will.

Crowley had planned to transform the small house into a global center of magical devotion and perhaps to gain tuition fees paid by acolytes seeking training in the Magical Arts; these fees would further assist him in his efforts to promulgate Thelema and publish his manuscripts.

Two women, Hirsig and Shumway (her magical name was Sister Cypris after Aphrodite), both became pregnant by Crowley at the Abbey. Hirsig had a miscarriage, but Shumway gave birth to a daughter (11/12/20), Astarte Lulu Panthea. From 1931, Astarte was raised in the US by Helene Fraux. Astarte would grow up to have four children of her own, including jazz pianist Eric Muhler. On arrival in Sicily, Hirsig had a two-year old son named Hansi and Shumway had a three-year old son named Howard; they were not Crowley's sons but he nicknamed them Dionysus and Hermes respectively. At some point, Hirsig suspected Shumway of magickal foul play, and Crowley found supporting evidence of it in Shumway's magickal diary (everybody had to keep one while at the abbey for reasons explained in Liber E). Appalled, Crowley banished Shumway from the abbey, however, she soon returned to take care of her children.

Crowley was alleged to
have hunted for clues at Caltabellotta,while Eckart made a study of Crowley’s
Gnostic sex-magic and its symbolical connections with Landulf ’s satanic
practices. This jumble of links between twentieth-century occult Nazism and
ninth-century Sicily was crowned by the claim that Hitler believed himself to
be the reincarnation of Klingsor-Landulf, a modern vessel for the spirit of the
Anti-Christ.

Ravenscroft concluded that Eckart and Haushofer initiated Hitler into
black rituals designed to establish contact with evil powers:
Dietrich Eckart contrived to develop and open the centres in the astral body
of Adolf Hitler, giving him the possibility of vision into the macrocosm and
means of communication with the powers of darkness . . . utilising his memories
of a past incarnation as the Landulf of Capua in the ninth century. . . . By
divulging The Secret Doctrine, Haushofer expanded Hitler’s time-consciousness
. . . [and] awakened [him] to the real motives of the Luciferic Principality
which possessed him so that he could become the conscious vehicle of its evil
intent in the twentieth century.

The centers of the astral body, vision into the macrocosm, the Luciferic Principality
and its imminent manifestation as the Anti-Christ are all concepts derived
from Anthroposophy.Here it can be seen how Ravenscroft bowdlerized
the materials of Rudolf Steiner and Walter Johannes Stein for a quasi-anthroposophical
account of a demonic Hitler and the occult powers of Nazism.
With the appearance of Eckart and Haushofer, one may detect the influence
of Pauwels and Bergier, whose twin Eastern theocracies of Agarthi and
Schamballah also appear in Ravenscroft’s book, this time as demonic mystery
centers representing the powers of Lucifer and Ahriman in anthroposophical
doctrine.39 Spiritualism also features in Ravenscroft’s fantastic account of the
Thule Society. Obscene seances with a naked female medium were said to
have been held by Eckart, Rosenberg and Sebottendorff as a means of contacting
the shades of the Thule hostages murdered by communist revolutionaries
in April 1919. Both Prince von Thurn und Taxis and Countess Heila von
Westarp proclaimed from beyond the grave that Hitler would be the next
claimant of the Spear of Longinus and lead Germany into a disastrous bid for
global conquest.

The Spear of Destiny was translated into several languages and has now
been in print for a quarter of a century, a recurrent stimulus for new authors
and readers alike. The Spear of Longinus, the Grail romance of Parzival and
their central importance to Hitler’s conception of demonic world-rule have
reappeared in a number of other books. Francis King’s popular study of the
influence of the occult on the rise and fall of Nazi Germany, Satan and
Swastika (1976), mentions the story, while Dusty Sklar quotes Ravenscroft’s
account of Thule seances, Hitler’s racist interpretation of Grail symbols, and
Haushofer as an authority on The Secret Doctrine.41 James Herbert, the bestselling
British horror writer, was tempted into the lucrative “Nazi Mysteries”
market. His gruesome thriller The Spear (1978) was based on the plot of a
present-day Thule Society for a right-wing military coup in the strike-torn,
troubled Britain of the late 1970s, when the National Front was making electoral
gains. The spear was the talismanic centrepiece of satanic rites to resurrect
the corpse of Heinrich Himmler at a replica Wewelsburg in North Devon.
A ritual involving the lance at the real Wewelsburg in Westphalia also marked
the climax of Russell McCloud’s Die schwarze Sonne von Tashi Lhunpo (1991).
Howard A. Buechner, a distinguished American physician, has written two
books describing the transfer of the Holy Lance and Hitler’s ashes to a secret
Nazi shrine in Antarctica at the end of the war and their recovery in 1979.42
In this quest for sensational mystification, Heinrich Himmler and the SS
eventually surpassed the Thule Society as a black order of satanic initiation.
Pauwels and Bergier had already alluded to Hitler’s plans, according to
Rauschning, for Ordensburgen, elite schools for the new leadership of the
party, which they confused with Himmler’s SS. At these medieval castleschools,
the pride of young Aryan manhood would be drilled in fanatical belief,
loyalty and self-sacrifice, pronouncing vows and embarking on an “irreversible,
superhuman destiny.” The SS itself would form an international
order at the apex of a hierarchical society consisting of overlords, party members,
the anonymous masses and, below them, the modern slaves of the conquered
foreign races. In their account, the concentration camps were a form
of imitative magic, a model for the social order of the future. The crematorium
ovens of Auschwitz were accorded mere ritual for a magical act of demonic
creation.

While Hitler was linked to the Holy Lance, the Holy Grail entered the “Nazi
Mysteries” via the SS. As early as 1960, Pauwels and Bergier credited the German
commando ace Otto Skorzeny with a plan to steal the Grail. However, it
was the French adventurer and writer A. de Saint-Loup who elaborated this
legend fully. In a book about the Cathars and their mountain fortress
Montségur, Saint-Loup related the story of the young German scholar Otto
Rahn (1904–1939), who had made a study of Grail traditions in Provence in
the early 1930s.When Rahn joined the SS,Himmler encouraged his research,
impressed by the idea that Catharism represented a Germanic dualist heresy
of ancient Aryan origin. Saint-Loup spun the tale that Himmler believed the
Grail still lay undiscovered in the Montségur area after Rahn’s death in 1939.
Accordingly, the SS had returned to find the Grail. 

The Kehlsteinhaus (in English-speaking countries also known as the Eagle's Nest) is a chalet-style structure erected on a subpeak of the Hoher Göll known as the Kehlstein. It was built as an extension of the Obersalzberg complex erected in the mountains above Berchtesgaden. The Kehlsteinhaus was intended as a 50th birthday present forAdolf Hitler to serve as a retreat, and a place for him to entertain visiting dignitaries.


The Führer Headquarters (Führerhauptquartiere in German), abbreviated FHQ, is a common name for a number of official headquarters used by the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler and various German commanders and officials throughout Europe duringWorld War II.Perhaps the most widely known headquarters was the Führerbunker in Berlin, Germany, where Hitlercommitted suicide on April 30, 1945. Other notable headquarters are the Wolfsschanze (Wolf's Lair) in East Prussia, where Claus von Stauffenberg in league with other conspirators failed in an attempt to assassinate Hitler on July 20, 1944, and Hitler's private home, the Berghof, atObersalzberg near Berchtesgaden, where he frequently met with prominent foreign and domestic officials.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BChrer_Headquarters

Their mission successful,
they had flown the priceless relic to the “Grail Castle,”Hitler’s Kehlsteinhaus,
or Eagle’s Nest, at Berchtesgaden.At the end of the war, the Grail was taken by
German commandos and hidden in a glacier below the 3,000-meter
Hochfeiler peak in the Zillertal, Austria.

Gran Pilastro (Hochfeiler) is a 11,512 ft / 3,509 m mountain peak in the Zillertal Alps in Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy , Austria. Based on peakery data, it ranks as the 3rd highest mountain in Trentino-Alto Adige , 15th highest mountain in Austria and the 114th highest mountain in Italy. 

This story combined all the essential
ingredients of Nazi mystery, including religious heresy, the subversion of
sacred symbols and hidden postwar treasure.
Saint-Loup was himself an SS man in the French Charlemagne Waffen-SS
division, which had fought in the final stages of the Battle of Berlin. Born in
1908 as Marc Jean Pierre Augier, he spent the 1930s in a series of overseas adventures.
He had crossed the Sahara on a motorcycle, explored in the Arctic,
and visited the Soviet Union and Franco’s Spain. After his military service in
the SS, he emigrated to Argentina for several years, advising the government
on mountain warfare and writing a book on life in Tierra del Fuego.His subsequent
books on Montségur and the legend of an SS mission to find the Grail
stimulated new French publications on the Nazi-Cathar connection. 

The author of Hitler and the Cathar Tradition, Jean M. Angebert, affirms about Rudolf Hess, Alfred Rosenberg, Dietrich Eckart, Karl Haushofer, and Max Amann: “All these people, as far as I could verify, belonged to secret societies, either to the Thule Group or the Vril Society. It is not surprising, therefore, that all of them were involved in performing the rites of the new religion of the Swastika cross. 

“Once a political base, financial support and a secret society that could control Hitler were established, the National Socialist Party was transformed into the war machine of these new Gnostics. They had at their disposal a formidable detonator, Adolf Hitler, the chosen man with the qualities to awaken Germany from its lethargic sleep and become the docile instrument of his magical designs. On his deathbed in 1923, Dietrich Eckart confessed to his intimate friends: ‘Follow Hitler. He will dance according to the music I wrote. We gave him the means to communicate with them [no explanation as to who he meant by them]. Do not lament my death, because through him I will influence History more than any other German’” (p. 209).


Under
the joint pseudonym Jean-Michel Angebert, Michel Bertrand and Jean Angelini
wrote a bestselling book on this aspect of Nazi mythology, Hitler et la
tradition cathare (1971), which was quickly translated into English under the
title The Occult and the Third Reich (1971), reprinted in 1974. The story of
Otto Rahn, the SS quest for the Holy Grail and Skorzeny’s successful mission
to secure it was recyclyed with new variations in Howard Buechner’s fanciful
book Emerald Cup—Ark of Gold (1991).

MONTSEGUR AND THE
MYSTERY OF THE CATHARS

by Jean Markale

On March 16, 1244, after a year-long siege, more than two hundred Cathars were captured in their fortress stronghold of Montsegur in the Pyrenees of southern France and burned alive by troops of the Inquisition.

Montsegur had been home to a community of men, women and children known as the “Cathars”, the term itself deriving from the Greek word Katheroi meaning “Pure Ones”.

According to legend, one of the secret purposes of Montsegur was to protect the most sacred treasure, the Holy Grail. The safekeeping of the Grail was allegedly part of the function of the Cathars.

Unfortunately all their writings and possessions were burned by the Inquisition along with their bodies in a mass suppression of their culture right across southern France.

They were, it seemed, above all else, a deeply religious people who practiced vegetarianism, non-violence, and tolerance. At the time their influence across Europe was enormous.

The crusade against the Cathars began in 1209 under the Roman Catholic Church. The religious beliefs of the Cathars were in direct opposition to the Catholic reading of the Bible, and their growing power in a forgotten rural part of the empire became a threat.

Although there are a many theories and speculation, it is not exactly known why the Church chose to annihilate the Cathars in this terrible way. The fact the Inquisitors did not arrest and interrogate their targets as they were wont to do, and no official document or charge was levelled against the Cathars, other than the ambiguous “heresy” tag, indicates the Church saw Catharism as a major threat.

Coins and sacred objects left behind by the Cathars were distributed to the conquering army and officials, but according to Inquisition records, the real treasure vanished the night before the sacking.

History has it that four high-ranking Cathars carried a treasure of great importance out of the fortress the night before its fall. They were said to have escaped down the steepest side of the mountain and disappeared.

Speculation still exists about the nature of the treasure and where it may be hidden today. Historians and researchers have sweated over possible contenders for such a relic including sacred texts, uncensored religious writings, or perhaps even the Holy Grail itself.

Many believe that it may still reside in one of the many limestone caves that surround Montsegur, or in an abandoned, water-logged mine in the Ariage.

It was this kind of speculation that led rebel Huguenots of the 17th century and members of Hitler’s S.S. to scour Europe for the treasure.

While the subject of the Cathars has been tackled countless times, I believe Jean Markale’s book Montsegur and the Mystery of the Cathars is the best.

A poet, philosopher, and experienced historian, Jean Markale doesn’t get weighed down by the legends and mythology of the Cathars. He presents a very focused and fascinating treatise with enough detail to satisfy even the most knowledgeable Cathar scholar.

Markale is the author of more than 40 books, including The Templar Treasure at Gisors, The Druids, The Celts, Merlin, and Women of the Celts and has spent years researching pre-Christian and medieval culture and spirituality. His style of writing and research is always clear and direct. His work Montsegur and the Mystery of the Cathars is no different.

The book is in three parts, the first of which is The Sights, a fantastic introduction to the various areas of southern France associated with the Cathars and what it was like to be alive in feudal France.

Part two, Who Were the Cathars?, covers Markale's indepth research into the Cathar sect. He points out that the origins of the Cathar movement can be traced to the missionary work of the Bogomils, a dualistic sect that emerged in south eastern Europe in the 11th century.

Markale presents an enlightening view into their philosophy and practice. He covers Mazdaism, the Manicheaism brought to Gaul in the 8th century by missionaries from Bulgaria, Croatia and Bosnia, and the concept of duality central to the Cathar Gnostics. Markale provides a perceptive understanding of how creeds and religious cultures develop over time.

The third part of the work is titled The Cathar Enigma, and deals with modern-day manifestations of Catharism, its relation to Druidism and Norse culture, and evidence the Cathars built Montsegur as a solar temple.

The last chapter also investigates the connections between the Cathars and the Knights Templar, and of course the enduring legend of the Holy Grail within Montsegur. All of these topics are covered with minimal fantasy and maximum scholarship.

In all, an essential part of any library dealing with the historical relevance of Catharism and the progression of religious thought.

– Robert Buratti

The Perfect Heresy

by Stephen O’Shea

There are many terrible acts attributed to the Holy Catholic Church, only two of which besmirch the Papacy of Innocent III; the 4th Crusade, when the noble Christian lords of Western Europe were diverted from their goal of reclaiming Jerusalem from the Infidel by the prospect of sacking the golden jewel of Christendom, Byzantium… and the inauguration of the Albigensian crusade. The Crusades will doubtless get an airing at another time, but following my visit to Carcassonne(1) last year, a brief description of the terrible acts of this first crusade against a Christian country seems called for. It is a story of death, brutality, massacre, injustice, intolerance and totalitarianism.

The Cathars were heretics without a name. The word Cathar is a slang name, used by Catholics as an insult. The words Perfect, the elect, and Credentes for the followers are similarly lifted from the annals of the Inquisition. They called themselves Good men, Good Women or simply Good Christians. They were, undeniably, dualists who believed that there were two Gods – the good God of the spiritual world and the Bad God of the material world. Accordingly the material world was of no interest. They believed that you had to reach a spiritual enlightenment in order to finally reach the Good God. The Catholic Church with its sacraments, relics, rules and prohibitions was seen as, at best, an irrelevancy to the Cathars. Catholics had simply missed the point.(2)

The Catholic Church in Languedoc(3) was a sad mess at this time, the late 12th Century. Corrupt and worldly Archbishops and Bishops led a trail of usury, ignorance and malpractice right down to the average village priest, who probably had a few concubines and was woefully ignorant of the substance of Christianity. In comparison the wandering Perfect were ascetic, saintly men who ate no meat, were celibate, learned and lived as simple, wandering artisans. They had little difficulty winning adherents. But while dualism was rife throughout southern Europe there were special reasons for its success in the Occitan; as mentioned, the Church was feeble, but the feudal system had not thrown up the central organisation it had in Northern France and England. The ancient custom of dividing land equally between all children, men and women, had seen to that. Cathar Perfect could be women as well as men, and many of the leading lights of Catharism were noble women of limited, but independent means. The Occitan was a fragmented, independent state, not easily controlled or regulated.

And so the Dualist faith thrived. In many mountain villages Dualists were in the majority while in towns like Carcassonne or the region’s capital, Toulouse, Cathars and orthodox Christians (and indeed, Jews, remarkably enough) rubbed shoulders happily, each content to worship their own.

Sadly it could never last. Innocent III listened to the pleas from the Bishops of the region; he was an active Pope, someone anxious to leave his mark. The Cathar stain was an insult which he was determined to wipe out. The local nobility, Raymond Trancavel, Raymond VI of Toulouse and Raymond Roger of Foix were useless. They were hauled before the Bishops, promised to root out heresy in their lands, and did nothing. Time and again they promised action which they never took. A missionary expedition saw the Pope’s legate ridiculed for his high living by the simple Perfect. It was time to stop playing the nice guy.

Innocent chose the King of France to back the Crusade against the Heretics, supported by his personal legate, the foul Arnold Amaury. A massive army marched on the peaceful mountain region to the astonishment of the local inhabitants. Sieges were mounted, the huge attacking force against the local defensive positions. The town of Beziers was an early target, yet the result has lived to this day as an indictment of the Church. The men of Beziers screwed up quite badly; a small raid by hotheads allowed the Crusaders to breach the walls. Mayhem ensued, and the knights found the townsfolk crowded inside the church, men, women, children, babies, heretics and orthodox. What to do? The Pope’s man had the answer – ‘Kill them all – for God will know his own’. Perhaps 20,000 people were slaughtered at Beziers, an enormous number for the time, and the town itself was then raised. It was complete destruction of friend and foe alike. The shock waves crashed across the province.

Beziers was the first massacre, but not the last. At Carcassonne Raymond Roger went to negotiate peace terms with the French nobles, but was attacked and captured, at Bram the defeated men had their eyes gouged out, their noses and top lips sliced off, all except one, who led the crippled army across the wastelands to the Cathar centre of Cabaret, at Minerve 140 Perfect burned in one gigantic fire, at Lavaour ALL the southern nobles were hanged, regardless of faith, an astonishing flouting of the ‘rules’ of Medieval war, Geralda, the noble lady of the castle was cast down a well and stoned to death and 400 Cathars were burned, the biggest human bonfire in history. At Toulouse, Bishop Fulk persuaded the notables of the City to talk about ways of ending the violence, only to have them clamped in irons as soon as they left the defences of the City. Out of this orgy of death and destruction one man emerged, Simon de Montfort. A brave and brilliant leader, he repeated won battles that should have been lost and punished the community without mercy. By the end of a single year’s campaigning, he was the effective lord of Languedoc.

The pattern had been set. The war ebbed and flowed for decades. In 1213 an alliance of the southern nobles and King Pedro of Aragon produced, for the first time, an army that could hold the south against the Northern French. Victory would have changed the nature of Europe for ever, but the campaign was a catastrophic failure(4). At one point the local Lords had won back nearly all Simon De Montfort’s gains, but whenever it seems like the South had bought some breathing space, there was always another army of Crusaders backed by the Pope and the Capet Kings of France to sweep through the lands, burning and killing. But there was always Montsegur, the apparently impregnable cliff-top castle, the last refuge for the Perfect when all looked lost.(5)

This being the most Medieval of wars, it was about the feudal order as well as religion. While many of the soldiers did their 40 days for the indulgence, the leaders were there to annex land from the Southerners. Which is why the differences between Cathar and Catholic were largely brushed over by the southerners who were actually fighting a war against northern invaders. And that was essentially over by 1229, with Langudoc becoming part of the French Kingdom.

In the end the heresy was not defeated by war, but by the Papacy’s love of Roman Law, clerical efficiency and discipline. The Church authorities instituted The Inquisition in 1233 with the express intention of wiping out Heresy from Occitan. The Inquisitors, Dominican and Franciscan Friars, listed the names and contacts, they mapped the webs of family and friendship, and worked tirelessly and logically to track down and destroy every Heretic in the land. They invented the apparatus of the Police State, and it worked. In 1321 the last Cathar Perfect, William Belibaste, was burned in the heart of Corbieres and the Church must have thought, the Dualists would sink into history.

That they didn’t is purely because of the astonishing record keeping of the Church, allowing us to read the names and confessions of the people of Languedoc 700 years later.

Stephen O'Shea's book, The Perfect Heresy is by far the most accessible book on the Cathars I have read, and if you are interested in this topic, fully recommended. He keeps a clear distinction between the temporal and spiritual aspects of the dispute, gives excellent notes and full reading list.

While I have been reading this book I have worked on TV programmes on Lenin, Hitler and Pol Pot. There is little difference in any of these four stories. Dictators who use overwhelming force and totalitarian tactics to force a belief on those who chose otherwise; who are so arrogantly assured of their own superiority that others are not fit to live. It is profoundly distressing that at heart man has made so little progress in seven centuries. Still we believe that force can suppress opinions other than our own, that might is right and that we can force all people to a single way.

It is ironic that the total suppression of the Cathar Heresy all those years ago has led to the modern phenomena of Cathar Country, where thousand of visitor go every year to witness the places where the Good Christians opposed the Church with meekness and resignation.

(1) Carcassonne rapidly became the Crusading centre of the war, and home of the conquering Lords, from Simon de Montfort onwards. For hundreds of years it remained the centre of French royal power in Languedoc.

(2) It continues to astonish me that Cathars are considered Christian heretics; it seems to me that their religion is sufficiently different from Christianity to be considered entirely separate.

(3) Langudoc – literally Language of OC – where the word OC was used for yes as opposed to Oui.

(4) The alliance was defeated by Simon at the Battle of Muret

(5) Montsegur didn’t fall until 1243, after less than 100 fighting men kept an army of thousands at bay for almost a year. In surrender, 220 Perfect walked straight onto the pyres prepared for them.

By focusing on Himmler, the mythologists were on firmer ground, for it
is true that, unlike Hitler, Himmler was absorbed in esoteric traditions and
by Atlantis and Aryan origins. Pauwels and Bergier were early to discover
Heinrich Himmler’s SS Ahnenerbe (Ancestral Heritage) organization. The
Ahnenerbe was in fact an important and representative institution within the
SS. In 1933 Himmler encouraged the foundation of a new research group of
scholars in the humanities (prehistory, archaeology, linguistics, ethnography
and symbology), natural science and medicine, all directed toward the vindication
of the Aryan racial worldview of Nazi and SS ideology. After 1935 the
Ahnenerbe grew rapidly, embracing more than 50 departments. It published
two scientific periodicals and maintained several publishing houses in Germany,
the occupied Low Countries and Norway. Foreign expeditions were
planned to exotic locations in Asia, Africa and South America. Scholars from
German universities edited studies on Indology, Sanskrit texts, the Cathars
and the Holy Grail, the Rosicrucians and the mysteries of Tibet. Scientific research
embraced biology, heredity and genetics on rare breeds of animal life
in Central Asia and the Caucasus.

The SS expedition to Tibet in 1938–39 was originally planned as a private
project, but Himmler offered limited funding in order to place it
under Ahnenerbe auspices. His occult ideas on the semi-divine origins of
the Aryan race were a strong motive for his interest in Tibet. The expedition
leader, Dr. Ernst Schäfer, was the son of a wealthy Hamburg industrialist.
As a student in 1931–32, Schäfer had already joined an expedition to
Tibet led by the young American Brooke Dolan for the Academy of Natural
Sciences, Philadelphia.47 After joining the SS in 1933, Schäfer went on the
second Dolan expedition to eastern and central Tibet in 1934–36, when he
was in charge of the scientific work. The success of this expedition brought
Schäfer to Himmler’s attention. At their first meeting in June 1936, Himmler
explained his interest in the World Ice Theory, according to which
primeval floods had submerged the ancient continent of Atlantis. He also
mentioned his belief that the Nordic race did not evolve, but had descended
from the heavens to settle on Atlantis. Himmler believed that
Aryan emigrants from Atlantis had founded a great civilization in Central
Asia. He was therefore most interested in Schäfer’s studies and wished to
facilitate his next expedition to Tibet.

Ernst Schäfer’s third Tibet expedition took place between April 1938 and
August 1939 under SS auspices. Given Schäfer’s academic expertise in zoology
and botany, with some background in geography and ethnology, his report
offers a panoramic survey of the fauna and flora of the remote country
on the roof of the world. There is no mention of Himmler’s esoteric interests
in Aryan origins, although careful anthropological measurements of Tibetan
nomads were taken. Color photographs document the magnificent
Himalayan landscapes and solitary desert plateaus of the Tibetan interior,
including pictures of fortresses, monasteries, temples and the splendid
Potala in Lhasa. There is also rich documentation of the cultural and religious
festivals of the Tibetan people. These include portraits of the aged
abbot of the Taschilunpo monastery, the seat of the Panchen Lama, processions
of Buddhist monks, masked impersonations of Tibetan deities and
demons and lamas summoning the gods with the strange sounds of their
long horns and drums.49 Schäfer returned to Germany with many species of
animals and 108 volumes of Tibetan sacred scripture, the Kangschur, a gift
from the Dalai Lama.

However, the presence of a Nazi scientific expedition in the fabled land
of Tibet could only lend credence to the imaginary occult links between
Hitler, Nazism and the eastern theocracy of Agartha. Pauwels and Bergier
noted Schäfer had made contact with a number of lamas in various
monasteries, as well as bringing back “Aryan” species of horses and bees to
Germany.50 Bronder alluded to the German links with Tibetan Buddhism
already made by Haushofer and Hess. A certain Karo Nichi, the ambassador
of Tibetan Agartha in Berlin, was said to have led the Schäfer expedition
in order to deliver radio equipment for communications between
Berlin and Lhasa.51 The perennial fascination of these tales of strange Nazi
missions to remote destinations has remained a constant in popular culture.
Himmler’s esoteric projects even feature in the highly successful Indiana
Jones films of Stephen Spielberg. In Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), the
American archaeologist is assigned to find the Ark before the Nazis can obtain
it for their own evil use, while in Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
(1988), the race is on to secure the Holy Grail. Images of uniformed Nazis
pursuing such objects of power as the lost Ark of the Covenant and the
Grail have created a worldwide awareness of the SS’s interest in ancient and
exotic traditions.

Heinrich Himmler’s conception of the SS as an elite military religious
order spearheading an Aryan crusade to reconquer the East found many
echoes in his romantic view of medieval German history. On 2 July 1936,
Himmler convened a special religious service over the tomb of Henry the
Fowler at Quedlinburg cathedral. The date was the thousandth anniversary of
the death of Henry the Fowler (875–936), the German king who founded the
royal Saxon dynasty and pushed the Slavs eastward across the River Elbe. 

Henry the Fowler (German: Heinrich der Finkler or Heinrich der Vogler; Latin: Henricius Auceps) (876 – 2 July 936) was the Duke of Saxony from 912 and German king from 919 until his death. First of the Ottonian Dynasty of German kings and emperors, he is generally considered to be the founder and first king of the medieval German state, known until then as East Francia. An avid hunter, he obtained the epithet "the Fowler"^[1] because he was allegedly fixing his birding nets when messengers arrived to inform him that he was to be king.

In a mood of mystical pilgrimage, Himmler spoke of Henry as a paragon of Germanic
valor and piety, and swore to continue his mission in the East.52 Occultist
writers would later dwell at length on Himmler’s interest in spiritualism
and his belief that he was the reincarnation of King Henry.
  
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pb5usrBEzUs
Wewelsburg (German pronunciation: [ˈveːvəlsˌbʊɐ̯k]) is a Renaissance castle located in the northeast of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in the village of Wewelsburg, which is a quarter of the city Büren, Westphalia, in district of Paderborn in the Alme Valley. The castle has the outline of a triangle (aerial photo). After 1934, it was used by the SS under Heinrich Himmlerand was to be expanded to the central SS-cult-site.^[1] After 1941, plans were developed to enlarge it to the so-called "Center of the World".
Actual instruction never took place. The first SS commandant of the castle, SS Obersturmbannfuhrer Erich Schupping, envisioned a kind of Nordic academy.^[15] Scientists in the SS practiced "Germanic applied research" ("germanische Zweckforschung") at the castle, with a purpose of supporting the racial doctrine of the SS. From the autumn of 1935, the projected work was called "SS-Schule Haus Wewelsburg" (that is, "SS School, House Wewelsburg").^[20]
The castle crew consisted of members of both SS branches, the "General SS" ("Allgemeine SS") and the "Armed SS" ("Waffen SS").^[22] Also working at the castle were proponents of a kind of SS esotericism consisting of Germanic mysticism, an ancestor cult, worship of runes, and racial doctrines:^[10] Himmler, for example, adapted the idea of the Grail to create a heathen mystery for the SS.^[23]

No proof exists that Himmler wanted a Grail castle, but redesign of the castle by the SS referred to certain characters in the legends of the Grail:^[24] for example, one of the arranged study rooms was named Gral ("Grail"), and others, König Artus ("King Arthur"), König Heinrich ("King Henry"), Heinrich der Löwe ("Henry the Lion"), Widukind, Christoph Kolumbus ("Christopher Columbus"), Arier ("Aryan"),Jahrlauf ("course of the seasons"), Runen ("runes"), Westfalen ("Westphalia"), Deutscher Orden ("Teutonic Order"),Reichsführerzimmer ("Room of the Empires Leader(s)"; "Reichsführer-SS", or "the Empire's Leader of the SS" was Himmler's title),Fridericus (probably in reference to Frederick II of Prussia), tolle Christian (probably referring to Christian the Younger of Brunswick, Bishop of Halberstadt), and Deutsche Sprache ("German language"). In addition to these study rooms, the SS created guest rooms, a dining room, an auditorium, a canteen kitchen, and a photographic laboratory with an archive.

Oak was used to panel and furnish these rooms, though (according to contemporary witnesses) only sparely. All interior decoration was shaped by an SS sensibility in art and culture; the preferred elements of design were based on runes, swastikas, and Germanically interpreted sense characters.^[25] Tableware, decorated with runes and Germanic symbols of salvation, was manufactured specifically for Wewelsburg castle, and Himmler's private collection of weapons was housed in the castle.^[26] From 1939, the castle was also furnished with miscellaneous objects of art,^[27] including prehistoric objects (chiefly arranged by the teaching and research group "Das Ahnenerbe"), objects of past historical eras, and works of contemporary sculptors and painters (mainly works by such artists as Karl Diebitsch, Wolfgang Willrich, and Hans Lohbeck—that is, art comporting with the aesthetics of National Socialism).

In 1934, the eastern castle bridge was built and the castle moat lowered.^[9] The exterior plaster was removed to make the building look more castle-like. The following year, a smithy was established on the ground floor of the North Tower for manufacture of the wrought-iron interior decoration of the castle.^[28] The western and southern wings of the castle were rebuilt between 1934 and 1938; the eastern, between 1936 and 1938. The first new building, the guardhouse (Wachgebäude), was constructed next to the castle^[7] in 1937; historical documentation of "Wewelsburg 1933–1945" has been housed there since 1982. An SS sentry post and a small circular location (Rondell) were placed next to the guardhouse, as was a no longer extant SS staff building (SS-Stabsgebäude).^[9] The North Tower was strengthened and rebuilt between 1938 and 1943.^[29]

The first commandant of the castle (Burghauptmann von Wewelsburg), from August 1934, was Obersturmbannführer (Lieutenant Colonel) Erich Schupping.^[15] He was partial to Karl Maria Wiligut's religious theories. The opinion of other SS-scientists about Wiligut were absolute negative. SS Obersturmbannfuhrer Schuepping was succeeded by Siegfried Taubert on 30 January 1938. Because Taubert was consigned to various other tasks he was absent from the castle for longer periods.^[30]

So called "SS-marriage-consecrations" (SS-Eheweihen) took place at the castle.^[31]

Since 1936, Himmler (who was often present at the castle) wanted more and more to expand the Wewelsburg to be a representative and ideological center of the SS Order.^[10] Consequently, although at first planned to be an educational training center, during the 1930s increasing measures were taken to transform the castle into an isolated central meeting place for the highest ranking SS-officers.^[32]

In 1938, Himmler ordered the return of all death's head rings (German: Totenkopfringe) of dead SS-men and officers. They were to be stored in a chest in the castle. This was to symbolize the ongoing membership of the deceased in the SS-Order.^[38] The whereabouts of the approximately 11,500 rings after the Second World War is unclear, but it has been suggested^{[by whom?]} that they were entombed in a local mountain by blasting closed the entrance to a cave.

Himmler's plans included making it the "center of the new world" ("Zentrum der neuen Welt") following the "final victory".^[39] The monumental estate was never realized; only detailed plans and models exist. The installation of a 15 to 18-meter-high wall in the shape of a three-quarter circle^[7] with 18 towers including the actual castle area centred on the North Tower of the castle, 860 m in diameter, was planned. The real purpose of the project was never clearly defined.^[40]Inside of this castle area buildings were planned for the exclusive purposes of the Reichsführung-SS (Reich leadership SS).

The main road of an SS village was also to be centered on the North Tower of the castle with a diameter of 1270 m. This road was to be connected with three radial roads and gates with the castle area. The residential area was to be placed in the northwest, the center of the village in the north, and the SS-barracks in the west of the castle area; between the barracks and village a villa colony for higher SS-leaders; in the southwest farmsteads.

In the architectural plans from 1941, the estate had the shape of a spear pointing towards the north; the 2 km long access avenue with four tree rows^[41] road looks like a spear shaft with an access to the Reichsautobahn (freeway) Rhynern-Kassel in the south (see architectural drawing). The plan from 1944 shows the castle as the top of a triangular estate surrounded by further buildings (see another drawing^{[dead link]} and model^{[dead link]} from 1944). The plans also included a "hall of the High Court of the SS" (Saal des Hohen Gerichtes der SS),^[42] streets, parkways, magnificent buildings,^[7] a dam with a power plant, freeway accesses and an airport.^[26] From 1941 on (after Hitler's successful military campaigns against Poland and France) the architects called the complex the "Center of the World". It was to be finished within twenty years. The complex was to be a center of the "kind accordant" religion (artgemäße Religion) and a representative estate for the SS-Führerkorps (SS leader corps).^[6] If the plans had been realized, the entire village of Wewelsburg and adjacent villages would have disappeared. The population was to be resettled. The valley was to be flooded.^[19] 250 million Reichsmark were budgeted for the estate.^[17]

Description of the North Tower

Inside the North Tower two mythologic designed rooms were created (1938–1943):

The Obergruppenführersaal (SS Generals' Hall) and the Gruft (vault). Their ceilings were cast in concrete and faced with natural stone. On the upper floors a further hall was planned. The axis of this tower was to be the actual "Center of the World" (Mittelpunkt der Welt). A preparation for an eternal flame in the vault, a swastika ornament in its zenith, and a sun wheel embedded in the floor of the "Obergruppenführersaal" lie on this axis. Both redesigned rooms were never used. Nothing is known about the plans for designated ceremonies in the tower.[10]

The vault

Where a primary cistern was originally located, a vault after the model of Mycenaean domed tombs was hewn into the rock, possibly to serve as some kind of commemoration of the dead. The room is unfinished. The floor was lowered 4.80 meters.[43] The fundament of the tower was firmed with concrete.[2] In the middle of the vault probably a bowl with an eternal flame was planned. In the middle of the floor a gas pipe is embedded. Around the presumed place for the eternal flame at the wall twelve pedestals are placed; their meaning is unknown. Above the pedestals, wall niches existed.[43] In the zenith of the vault a swastika (which ends run out in an ornamental way) is walled in. Despite its antisemitic connotation the swastika (Hakenkreuz) was also understood as "the symbol of the creating, acting life" (das Symbol des schaffenden, wirkenden Lebens) and as a "race emblem of Germanism" (Rasseabzeichen des Germanentums).[44] The vault has special acoustics and illumination.

The Obergruppenführersaal (SS Generals' Hall)

Obergruppenführersaal (SS Generals' Hall)

On the ground floor the "Obergruppenführersaal" (literally translated: Upper-Group-Leaders-Hall, referring to the original twelve highest ranking SS-generals, called Obergruppenführer)), a hall with twelve columns joined by a groined vault, twelve window- and door-niches and eight longitudinal windows was created (see photos of the room: 1, 2). The room was almost finished; the rebuilding work stopped in 1943.[43] Assumedly it was to serve as a representative hall for the SS-Obergruppenführer. In the center of the marbled whitish/grayish floor a dark green sun wheel (Sonnenrad) is embedded (see photo). The axis of the sun wheel consisted of a circular plate of pure gold, which was to symbolize the center of the castle and thus the entire "Germanic world empire".[45] After the Second World War the ornament was called the "Black Sun". It is not known if the SS had a special name for the ornament nor if they attributed a special meaning to it. Possibly the sun wheel had a relation to the Germanic light- and sun-mysticism[46] which was propagated by the SS. Today it is used as a symbol in Odinism and Neo-Nazism and in occult currents of Irminenschaft or Armanenschaft-inspired esotericism. However, the ornament has only been linked to the esoteric neo-Nazi concept of the Black Sun after 1991.[47] The Latin inscription above the entrance "Domus mea domus orationis vocabitur" (My house is called a house of prayer) reminds of the prince-episcopalian chapel which was placed in the ground floor of the tower originally.[11][48]

The upper floors

The upper floors were to be completed as a multi-storied hall with a big dome.[49] It was to be a prestigious meeting hall for the entire corps of the SS-Gruppenführer. This room was only planned. In order to realize the hall the upper half of the tower was dismantled in winter 1941/42.[9]

[edit]Blasting operation

When the "final victory" failed to materialize, the castle commander, SS Capt. Siegfried Taubert, fled on 30 March as the U.S. 3rd Armored Division closed in on the Paderborn area in the final phases of the war. Meantime, at his headquarters in Brenzlau, Himmler ordered adjutant SS Maj. Heinz Macher, with 15 of his men, to destroy the Wewelsburg. This took place on Saturday, 31 March only three days before the 83rd Armored Reconnaissance Battalion, 3rd Armored Division seized the grounds after reports from a nearby Burgomeister that "SS men had set fire to their barracks in the castle, changed into civilian clothes and fled." Because Macher's company ran out of explosives, they placed tank mines only in the unimportant southeast tower, the guard-building and the SS-cadre-building[43] which was completely destroyed. The castle was set on fire and—according to information of the village citizens—the castle was given free for looting[50]

[edit]Members

Heinrich Himmler: Aegis

Erich Schupping: Commandant

Siegfried Taubert: Commandant

Karl Elstermann von Elster Stabsführer: replaced by Paul Hübner

Walter Muller: Hauptsturmführer

Josef Schneid: Hauptsturmführer also known as Pepi

Walter Franzius: architect brought on board in October 1935

Karl Lasch

Dr. Hans-Peter de Courdes: until May 1939

Dr. Bernhard Frank: SS Commander of the Obersalzburg

Dr. Heinrich Hagel (physician): Obersturmbannführer

Wilhelm Jordan

Elfriede Wippermann

[edit]Legends, rumors and interpretations

According to rumors the Death's Head Rings were to be buried in the vault. The vault, allegedly dubbed the Himmler Crypt, was (allegedly) dedicated to Heinrich I, founder and first king of the medieval German state (see East Francia), of whom Himmler reportedly believed himself to be the reincarnation, and where he hoped to be interred after his death.[51] This assertion is unproven. In Himmlers's opinion Heinrich I protected Germany from invaders from the "East", as popularized in Richard Wagner's Lohengrin opera.[19]

Leading representatives of the Third Reich were fascinated by the story of the "Holy Grail". Hitler admired Richard Wagner's Lohengrin and Parsifal. Hitler himself never visited the castle.[11]

Himmler reportedly imagined the castle as a focus for the rebirth of the Knights of the Round Table and appointed twelve SS officers as his followers, who would gather at various rooms throughout the castle and perform unknown rites. The SS had twelve main departments (SS-Hauptämter) with twelve leaders. The number twelve plays a major role in the design of the North Tower: twelve pedestals in the vault, twelve pillars and niches in the "Obergruppenführersaal", and twelve spokes of the sun wheel. In the study on ancient sense characters during the Third Reich the sun in general was interpreted as "the strongest and most visible expression of God", the number twelve as documented for "the things of the target and the completion".[52] With reference to the number 12 in their studies on Germanic mythology a relation was drawn to "the twelve Æsir of divine kind who have (according to the Edda) twelve domiciles and twelve stallions" and to the "twelve rivers which flow from the fountain Hwergelmir in Niflheim".[53]

Quote of former SS-General Karl Wolff referring to the Obergruppenführersaal: "This was a part of the myth which was to be introduced here. These are the twelve compartments(*), they were created according to mystic-confused things with which Himmler liked to play, of the Round Table of King Arthur. In fact we were twelve main department leaders (Hauptamtchefs) who represented equally next to each other their service areas because Himmler didn't have the courage to appoint a Deputy-Reichsführer-SS or a Deputy Chief of the German police."[26] (* German original sound record: "Postamente": this could refer to the twelve columns; there is also speculation about twelve heraldic emblems[26] for the twelve leading SS-Generals which were to be placed inside the hall.)

Allegedly the "Obergruppenführersaal" has similarities with the Mausoleum of Theodoric in Ravenna[26]

When one of the officers died, his ashes would be interred in the castle. There is speculation that the urns of dead SS leaders would have been placed on the pedestals in the vault. The vault is also named "consecration-hall" (Weihehalle).[54]

The exact meaning of the vault is unknown. Nevertheless, the room is significant for the quasi-religious aspects of National Socialism—especially the ancestral cult. A possible interpretation of the symbolic character of the eternal flame in general according to solemn beliefs which had established during the NS-era especially in SS circles:[55] in the fire they wanted to feel the soul of ancestors. The symbol of the eternal flame[56] stood for the aspiration of the ancestral soul from which man arises at his birth and which he reenters at his death. Consecration-sites and -events suggested the immortality of the people's soul.[57] By sacral-architecture and spectacular mass-events the subconsciousness of the masses was influenced by pseudo-religious ideas. The two cult rooms inside the North Tower were built to deepen the own "mission".[58]

In 1938, Siegfried Taubert was in charge of developing the castle, when Himmler inquired about the cost of installing a planetarium[citation needed]. To round off the subjects taught at the Wewelsburg SS school a teacher was sought who should draw cross connections between astronomy and history and the folklife of the ancestors so that the historical and ideological schooling was to be enhanced and deepened by the "cosmic view" (kosmische Schau).[18]

But it was Himmler’s castle, the Wewelsburg, which established the reputation
of the SS as an esoteric chivalrous order. During the electoral campaign
of early 1933, Himmler had traveled through Westphalia, “the land of Hermann
and Widukind,” and was deeply impressed by the mythical atmosphere
of the Teutoburger Forest. 

The Teutoburg Forest (German: Teutoburger Wald) is a range of low, forested mountains in the German states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia which is believed to be the scene of a decisive battle in AD 9.^[1] Until the 19th century the official name of the mountain ridge was Osning.

The Battle of Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD occurred in or near this region, though the exact location is disputed. The Roman historian Gaius Cornelius Tacitus identified the location of the battle as saltus Teutoburgiensis (saltus meaning a forest valley in Latin), and the encounter was therefore called the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. Recent excavations suggest that at least the final stages of the battle took place farther northwest, at Kalkriese, north of Osnabrück.^[3]

As of 2011 the Teutoburg Forest comprises two separate natural parks:

1. TERRA.vita Nature Park, northwest part between Bielefeld and Osnabrück
2. Teutoburg Forest / Egge Hills Nature Park between Bielefeld and river Diemel

Ever inspired by romantic medieval models, he
began to think of acquiring a castle in this region for SS purposes. The
Wewelsburg near Paderborn was duly taken over by the SS in August 1934. It
began its career as a museum and SS officers’ college for ideological education
within the Race and Settlement Main Office, but was then placed under the
direct control of the Reichsführer-SS Personal Staff in February 1935. This
transfer reflected Himmler’s new idea for making the Wewelsburg into an SSorder
castle, comparable to the Marienburg Castle of the medieval Teutonic
Knights in Prussia. 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QKPnPl6q8Qs

The Castle of the Teutonic Order in Malbork^[1] (Polish: zamek w Malborku;German: Ordensburg Marienburg) is the largest castle in the world by surface area, and the largest brick building in Europe.^[2] It was built in Prussia by theTeutonic Knights, a German Roman Catholic religious order of crusaders, in a form of an Ordensburg fortress. The Order named it Marienburg (Mary's Castle). The town which grew around it was also named Marienburg.

The castle is a classic example of a medieval fortress and, on its completion in 1406, was the world's largest brick castle.^[3] UNESCO designated the "Castle of the Teutonic Order in Malbork" and the Malbork Castle Museum as theWorld Heritage Site in December 1997.^[4] It is one of two World Heritage Sites in the region with origins in the Teutonic Order. The other is the "Medieval Town of Toruń", founded in 1231 as the site of the castle Thorn (Toruń).

The castle was built by the Teutonic Order after the conquest of Old Prussia. Its main purpose was to strengthen their own control of the area following the Order's 1274 suppression of the Great Prussian Uprising of the Baltic tribes. No contemporary documents survive relating to its construction, so instead the castle's phases have been worked out through the study of architecture and the Order's administrative records and later histories. The work lasted until around 1300, under the auspices of Commander Heinrich von Wilnowe.[5] The castle is located on the southeastern bank of the river Nogat. It was named Marienburg after Mary, patron saint of the religious Order. The Order had been created in Acre (present-day Israel). When this last stronghold of the Crusades fell to Muslim Arabs, the Order moved its headquarters to Venice before arriving in Poland.

Malbork became more important in the aftermath of the Teutonic Knights' conquest of Gdańsk (Danzig) and Pomerania in 1308. The Order's administrative centre was moved to Malbork from Elbląg (Elbing). The Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, Siegfried von Feuchtwangen, who arrived in Malbork from Venice, undertook the next phase of the fortress' construction.[5] In 1309, in the wake of the papal persecution of the Knights Templar and the Teutonic takeover of Danzig, Feuchtwangen relocated his headquarters to the Prussian part of the Order's monastic state. He chose the site of Marienburg conveniently located on the Nogat in the Vistula Delta. As with most cities of the time, the new centre was dependent on water for transportation.

The castle was expanded several times to house the growing number of Knights. Soon, it became the largest fortified Gothic building in Europe,[6] on a nearly 52-acre (21 ha) site. The castle has several subdivisions and numerous layers of defensive walls. It consists of three separate castles - the High, Middle and Lower Castles, separated by multiple dry moats and towers. The castle once housed approximately 3,000 "brothers in arms". The outermost castle walls enclose 52 acres (21 ha), four times the acreage of the enclosed space of Windsor Castle. The developed part of the property designated as a World Heritage Site is 18.038 ha (44.57 acres).[7]

Vorburg with rampart added under Hochmeister Heinrich von Plauen, 15th century

The favourable position of the castle on the river Nogat allowed easy access by barges and trading ships arriving from the Vistula and the Baltic Sea. During their governance, the Teutonic Knights collected river tolls from passing ships, as did other castles along the rivers. They controlled a monopoly on the trade of amber. When the city became a member of the Hanseatic League, many Hanseatic meetings were held there.

In the summer of 1410, the castle was besieged following the Order's defeat by the armies of Władysław II Jagiełło and Vytautas the Great (Witold) at the Battle of Grunwald. Heinrich von Plauen successfully led the defence in the Siege of Marienburg (1410), during which the city outside was razed.

In 1456, during the Thirteen Years' War, the Order – deserted and opposed for raising taxes to pay ransoms for their own mercenaries taken by the Kingdom of Poland – could no longer manage financially. Meanwhile, Polish General Stibor de Poniec of Ostoja raised funds from Danzig for a new campaign against them. Learning that the Order's Bohemian mercenaries had not been paid, Stibor convinced them to leave. He reimbursed them with money raised in Danzig.[8] Following the departure of the mercenaries, King Casimir IV Jagiellon entered the castle in triumph in 1457, and in May, granted Danzig several privileges in gratitude for the town's assistance and involvement in the Thirteen Years' War (1454–66) as well as for the funds collected for the mercenaries that left.[9]

Toilet tower (dansker)

The mayor of the town around the castle, Bartholomäus Blume, resisted the Polish forces for three more years, but the Poles captured and hanged him in 1460.[10] A monument to Blume was erected in 1864.[11]

  

During the late 1930s Himmler and the castle commandant,
Manfred von Knobbelsdorff, held pagan wedding ceremonies at the
Wewelsburg for SS officers and their brides and organized spring, harvest and
solstice festivals for the garrison and the village.

Himmler’s plans became increasingly ambitious. The massive north tower
of the castle was enlarged with labor from a nearby purpose-built concentration
camp. Here, in the large circular upper hall surmounted by a domed
cupola, were to hang the coats-of-arms of dead SS-Gruppenführer, while its
marble floor was decorated with a large sun wheel composed of twelve
zigzag sig-runes. In the vault below twelve pedestals flanked the interior wall
at regular intervals around a paved circular recess on the stone floor. In the
wings of the castle, study rooms were named and furnished after figures representing
Nordic mythology such asWidukind, Henry the Fowler, Henry the
Lion, King Arthur and the Holy Grail. Plans dating between 1940 and 1942
provided for the relocation of the village some distance away and the building
of an enormous architectural complex consisting of halls, galleries, towers,
turrets and curtain walls on a radial layout around the hillside, with the
great northern tower of the medieval castle as its focus. At this early stage of
the war, Himmler evidently conceived of the Wewelsburg as a future SS vatican
built on a gigantic scale to represent the center point of a new Aryan
world order.

The mythological and cultic aspects of the castle, not so much its construction
by slave labor,were the highlight of its occult interpretation. Ravenscroft
lingered over the interior design and symbolic decoration of the castle
with its rooms named after Germanic heroes, including Otto the Great,
Henry the Lion, Friedrich Hohenstauffen and Philip of Swabia. Others imagined
the meditations of the twelve top Gruppenführer as latter-day Jesuit superiors
in high-backed pig-skin chairs that bore the occupant’s name on silver
plates, placed around the huge oak table, reminiscent of King Arthur’s
Round Table, in the great hall.Down in the large stone crypt, the “realm of the
dead,” symbolic ceremonies were easily imagined.Whenever a top SS leader
died, his heraldic device would be ritually cremated in the central recess and
the ashes placed in an urn on one of the twelve pedestals surrounding the circular
walls.56 By the late 1970s, the Wewelsburg also featured in thriller literature
as Himmler’s Camelot, the mysterious ceremonial center of the SS.57
Himmler’s organization spread terror throughout Nazi-occupied Europe,
but in Occult Reich J. H. Brennan gave it another meaning: “With its runic
doctrines, its inner circles, its ritual festivals and its Black Jesuit Grand Master,
the SS was a magical order in every sense of the word.”

Black Jesuit Grand Master

The Jesuits, like the Knights Templar before them, were created by the Illuminati to infiltrate and destabilise Catholicism. Both orders were suppressed: the Templars permanently and the Jesuits for a few decades. The Jesuits, by the time they were reinstated, had been purged of virtually all traces of the Illuminati, although it is worth pointing out that in more recent times French Jesuit Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, in his theories concerning the Omega Point and Noosphere, independently created ideas that are not far distant from the tenets of Illumination, the religion of the Illuminati.

Illuminati Grand Master Adam Weishaupt was educated at the Jesuit College in Ingolstadt in Bavaria, and the Jesuits largely controlled the town's university. Some conspiracy theorists have therefore concluded that the Illuminati were the creation of Jesuits. Ingolstadt was in fact the headquarters of the Illuminati at that time, and many Jesuits were carrying out duties on behalf of the Illuminati. However, it should not be assumed that all Jesuits were in league with the Illuminati. For decades, the Vatican had been taking increasing control of the Jesuit Order and many if not most Jesuits were, by the late eighteenth century, entirely loyal to the Pope. The Order had, in effect, split into two separate factions. When the Order was suppressed it was so that it could be purged once and for all of all "undesirable" elements. Only when it was felt the task was complete - after more than a generation - was the Order reinstated. The Vatican had learned from the previous example of the Knights Templar and this time did they did not want to create any new martyrs or myths, so they did not eliminate the Order, but purified it.

The movie The Mission is based on the true story of the Jesuit "Reductions" (missions) in South America. The Reductions provide a glimpse of what type of world the Illuminati wished to create in those days: the New World Order. The Reductions are an illustration of positive liberty. They represent one of the greatest episodes in history, and yet few people know much about this boldest of experiments.

When the Spanish and Portuguese empires conquered South America, many indigenous Indians were plunged into the familiar tale of Old World Order slavery and exploitation. Jesuit missionaries, under the guidance of the Illuminati, tried to help the Indians. They managed to persuade the King of Spain to grant a vast region to their care, in return for generous annual payments to the King's coffers.

In 1609, the Jesuits established the first mission and other missions followed over the following years, up to a total of about forty by the first half of the 18th century. Each mission catered for up to 10,000 people i.e. they were the size of small towns.

The Jesuits helped the Indians to create advanced societies. The Reductions had law and order, schools, hospitals, and free public services for the poor. There was no death penalty. The working day was set at 6 hours, compared with the 12-14 hours of the average European worker. The Indians worked the communal land and all produce was fairly divided amongst them. They were skilled in sculpture and woodcarving, and started making watches and musical instruments. In their free time, the Indians enjoyed music, dance, games, sport and reading. They were shielded from the bad influences of the Europeans (alcohol, gambling and venereal disease) and allowed to develop their creativity.

Each Reduction was arranged in a square. On one side were the civic buildings: church, school, hospital, community hall, warehouses for storage, shops etc. On the other three sides were the Indians' homes.

The missions were extremely efficient. Not only were they self-supporting, they produced surpluses of goods, which could then be traded. They were far more economic than comparable communities in Europe. They were said to be the first entirely literate communities in the history of the world. Meritocratic community elders were placed in charge, under the supervision of the handful of Jesuit missionaries in each Reduction. The missions became centres of culture and egalitarian community life. They effectively enjoyed full independence from the territories of South America ruled by Spanish and Portuguese governors.

The Jesuits protected the Indians from European slave-hunters, to the annoyance of the slavers who thought the Jesuits were bad for business and potentially subversive. They worried about what would happen if the Jesuit missions were set up everywhere, including in Europe. Slowly but surely, the Jesuits' missions were perceived - correctly - as a radical threat to the power of the Old World Order.

The Jesuits' enemies then claimed that the Jesuits were exploiting the Indians, making vast sums of money from them to enrich themselves, and acting as arrogant lords with airs and graces. Nothing was further from the truth, but the nature of propaganda does not change: in every age, the names of the good are blackened by the bad.

In 1767, tensions came to a head and the Jesuits were expelled from the Spanish and Portuguese empires. The missions were destroyed or absorbed into new towns built by the authorities. Slavers captured many of the Indians and the rest returned to the forests and jungles for safety.

Little remains to mark the passing of the Jesuits' Reductions (although the La Santisima Trinidad del Parana Reduction in Paraguay is a UNESCO World Heritage Site). The Old World Order had succeeded in killing off the Illuminati's great and noble vision. They despised the Jesuits' resistance to slave raids, and the autonomy and economic success of the Reductions. They despised the good education and high standards of health care enjoyed by the Indians. They despised the Indians' lack of subservience to nobles, kings and emperors. They despised these jungle utopias where primitive Indians were turned into far more than noble savages: they became clever, skilled members of communities that were not based on power, riches and status.  When they looked at the Reductions, the OWO saw a new society that might overthrow everything they stood for. So they eliminated the threat.

In 1773, the Jesuit Order was formally suppressed throughout all Catholic lands. 

In 1814, with the Order completely purged of all non-orthodox influences, and under strict instructions never again to challenge the power and economic interests of the nobility, it was reinstated.

All good, thinking people should see that what the Illuminati-inspired Jesuits attempted in the jungles of South America centuries ago was a magnificent endeavour, a heroic attempt to create a utopia free of the iniquities and corruption of the Old World Order. That's why the Reductions were ruthlessly stamped out.

We are told that we need to live in capitalist cities, full of all the ills of our fallen modern society. Do we? Our cities are impersonal machines, designed for the convenience of the OWO, to maximise the profits of big business, and to allow close control and surveillance of the masses. We could replace our appalling, inhuman, congested, dirty and dangerous cities with 21st century Reductions: small, efficient, economic communities of 10,000 people. (Jean-Jacques Rousseau - whose ideas are discussed in detail in the next section - was a strong advocate of communitarian politics. Community, more than anything else, is what has been lost in our modern societies.) Wouldn't they be things of awesome beauty? The world would be transformed. The time of monarchs, Masons and Wall Street fat cats would end. This age of soul-destroying materialism, consumerism, cheap entertainment, junk food and junk values would be over at long last. Humanity could reach out towards its higher self, freed from the chains of the Old World Order.  

Isn't it time to start again the great project of the Illuminati's Reductions, designed for the 21st Century?

Isn't it time for community rather than anonymous, soulless, capitalist cities: the dark, Satanic mills of the Old World Order?

Isn't it time for a New World Order?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Swiss-born Rousseau was not formally a member of the Illuminati, but he moved in Illuminati circles and was highly regarded by the Illuminati. Like several other prominent individuals in whom the Illuminati have taken an interest over the centuries, he was regarded as too much of a maverick to accept the discipline of the Illuminati. Hence, he became a collaborator rather than a member. 

Rousseau's masterpiece The Social Contract (1762) was immediately recognised in Europe as a revolutionary work. Copies of the book were burned in Geneva and later in several European capitals. The author and his work were denounced in Paris and condemned by the French parliament. Rousseau, already exiled from his home city of Geneva, had to flee France where he had been living.

The Social Contract is, in effect, a statement of the political position of the Illuminati at that time, and remains largely valid to this day. A Meritocratic Republic of Laws, based on a social contract operating in the interests of all, is the vision of the Illuminati. This is the New World Order. It does harm to none, except those who do not wish to promote the common good. A chain is only as strong as its weakest link. The chain of our society could not be any weaker because of the number of people who are left to rot by the Old World Order. Society can never be healthy and strong until as much effort is put into strengthening the weakest link as is put into polishing the strongest links. 

The Old World Order, in their high towers of greed, selfishness and privilege, are the antithesis of good citizens. They can play no part in any healthy State. Everything that characterises the Old World Order would become illegal in the New World Order.

"Let us establish just laws for our contract." (Virgil)

The Social Contract

The Social Contract was the "Bible" of the two leading Illuminists and Jacobins, Robespierre and Saint-Just. They attempted to put Rousseau's ideas into practice, but they were given no time and space. In the aftermath of the Revolution, France was plunged into war against the great royalist powers of Europe: the Holy Roman Empire, Prussia, Spain, Portugal and Great Britain. Counter-revolutionary forces were everywhere. There were uprisings inside France against the Revolutionary government. The Catholic Church was opposed to the Revolution. France was in chaos.

In other circumstances, the Jacobins might have created the radical new society they desired. Instead, they were locked into conflict, horror and terror and failed to bring their vision to fruition. That is the world's great tragedy. Now, more than ever, we need a social contract between the governors and the governed, one that prevents the governors from doing what they always do: governing in their own interests rather than those of the people and then lying through their teeth that they are doing their best for everyone. Democracy is dumbocracy. You'd need to be really dumb to buy it. 

Quotations by Jean-Jacques Rousseau

"The first man who, having enclosed a piece of ground, bethought himself of saying, 'This is mine', and found people simple enough to believe him, was the real founder of civil society. From how many crimes, wars and murders, from how many horrors and misfortunes might not any one have saved mankind, by pulling up the stakes, or filling up the ditch, and crying to his fellows: 'Beware of listening to this impostor; you are undone if you once forget that the fruits of the earth belong to us all, and the earth itself to nobody.'"

When it comes to any piece of land on earth, what allows anyone to say, "I own this. It's mine." What if someone else says, "No, it's mine", or, "It belongs to no one." Who's right? The question, in the past, was settled by force. Nowadays, it's by wealth and legal assertions, underpinned, ultimately, by force once more. So nothing has changed. Brute force is concealed under a veneer of legalistic respectability, but still might is right, still the strong take what they want from the weak. The lesson is simple: you get what you want in this world through force. That is the eternal credo of the Old World Order.

"The word 'Economy' is derived from 'house' and 'law', and meant originally only the wise and legitimate government of the house for the common good of the whole family."

Nowadays, no conclusion is possible other than that the economy is for the good of the rich and powerful alone. That's why the banks - the main driver of the wealth of the Old World Order - are not under the control of the nation. How can the economy be left in the hands of entities that have radically different priorities from the nation itself? Banks and their shareholders want to maximise their profits. They care nothing for economic stability and for helping the underprivileged of society. In the pursuit of profit, banks would not hesitate to undermine the nation's economy. That is exactly what the present financial crisis is about, yet no one has demanded that banks, in the national interest, be brought under the control of the elected government.

Some banks are "too big to fail", we are told. In other words, banks have been permitted to acquire so much wealth and power that it would destroy the economy if they went out of business. In effect, these banks are holding a gun to the head of the nation. Why were they allowed to get so big? Cui bono? Certainly not the people. Taxpayers had to bail out these banking leviathans, but you can be certain they will not be there when the vast bonuses are being paid out to the fat cats. How strange is that? Why do people tolerate it? How stupid are they? They have been brainwashed to think that strong government is tantamount to communism. Many Americans have a great fear of federal government, and that leads to an even greater fear of a New World Order. So, they would rather be the suckers who get ripped off by the Wall Street robber gang and carpetbaggers. It's time they studied economic theory and wised up about the nature of free market capitalism - the deadly instrument of tyranny of the Old World Order.

"Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains."

This is Rousseau's most famous quotation. In our society, you are free, for the most part, in direct proportion to how wealthy you are. The poor are barely distinguishable from slaves.

"It is then, according to Grotius, doubtful whether the human race belongs to a hundred men, or those hundred men to the human race … On this showing, the human species is divided into so many herds of cattle, each with its ruler, who keeps guard over them for the purpose of devouring them."

This is an excellent definition of the Old World Order. 

"Thus, Philo tells us, the Emperor Caligula reasoned, concluding equally well either that kings were gods, or that men were beasts. The reasoning of Caligula agrees with that of Hobbes and Grotius. Aristotle, before any of them, had said that men are by no means equal naturally, but that some are born for slavery, and others for dominion."

This is the core ideology of the OWO. We are born, they think, to be their slaves.

"Aristotle was right; but he took the effect for the cause. Nothing can be more certain than that every man born in slavery is born for slavery. Slaves lose everything in their chains, even the desire of escaping from them: they love their servitude … Force made the first slaves, and their cowardice perpetuated the condition."

Most people in our society secretly love servitude. Why else would they so willingly endure the reign of the OWO? Why else would they tolerate Wall Street fat cats?

"Tranquillity is found also in dungeons; but is that enough to make them desirable places to live in? The Greeks imprisoned in the cave of the Cyclops lived there very tranquilly, while they were their turn to be devoured."

Are we not living in dungeons - our square boxes that we call houses - waiting our turn to be devoured by our masters?

"Even if each man could alienate himself, he could not alienate his children: they are born men and free; their liberty belongs to them, and no one but they has the right to dispose of it."

Yet all of the time, we inflict on our children our own cowardice. If we start off as slaves of the Old World Order, our children inherit our enslavement, but we have no right to impose our sentence on them. Children should never be allowed to inherit either a lofty or lowly position in life. Their merits should dictate where they end up, not their family connections.

"When Nunez Balbao, standing on the seashore, took possession of the South Seas and the whole of South America in the name of the crown of Castile, was that enough to dispossess all their actual inhabitants, and to shut out from them all the princes of the world? If this was the case, it was quite unnecessary to multiply these ceremonies, and all the King of Spain had to do was, from his apartment, to take possession all at once of the whole universe, allowing himself to exclude from his empire what had formerly been possessed by other princes."

This sums up the Old World Order. They think they can take ownership of things to which they have no right at all.

"Under bad governments, equality is only apparent and illusory; it serves only to keep the pauper in his poverty and the rich man in the position he has usurped. In fact, laws are always of use to those who possess and harmful to those who have nothing: from which it follows that the social state is advantageous to men only when all have something and none too much."     

This is a key statement. The New World Order will ensure that all have something and none too much. The members of the Old World Order desire that many will have next to nothing, some will have something and a few - they themselves - will have virtually everything.

"Christianity preaches only servitude and dependence. Its spirit is so favourable to tyranny that it always profits by such a regime. True Christians are made to be slaves, and they know it and do not much mind: this short life counts for too little in their eyes."

This is an excellent summary not just of Christianity, but also of Judaism and Islam: the three slave religions created by the Old World Order to exploit the weak and gullible.

"The people of England regards itself as free; but it is grossly mistaken; it is free only during the election of members of parliament. As soon as they are elected, slavery overtakes it, and it is nothing. The use it makes of the short moments of liberty it enjoys shows indeed that it deserves to lose them."

Nothing has changed in Britain since 1762. British "democracy" is still one of the greatest jokes on earth. America now has equally ridiculous elections.

"In a word, it is the best and most natural arrangement that the wisest should govern the many, when it is assured that they will govern for its profit, and not for their own."

This is a perfect statement of meritocracy and the New World Order. The Old World Order, on the other hand, govern purely for their own profit.

"In respect of riches, no citizen shall ever be wealthy enough to buy another, and none poor enough to be forced to sell himself; which implies, on the part of the great, moderation in goods and position."

The Old World Order are never moderate in their greed. Look at the whole culture of vast bonuses for bankers. Do these people care a damn about anyone else?

"Wise men, if they try to speak their language to the common herd instead of its own, cannot possibly make themselves understood."

Most people have been so debased by democracy, by the dumbed-down ideology of capitalism that they can barely think for themselves. They have a short attention span and no ability to follow complex arguments. They want everything delivered to them in sound bites. Intellectual debate has become impossible in our society. That's why a clown like George W Bush could become President in the American dumbocracy.

"Each of us puts his person and all of his power in common under the supreme direction of the general will, and, in our corporate capacity, we receive each member as an indivisible part of the whole. At once, in place of the individual personality of each contracting party, this act of association creates a corporate and collective body, composed of as many members as the assembly contains voters, and receiving from this act its unity, its common identity, its life and its will. This public person, so formed by the union of all other persons, formerly took the name of city, and now takes that of Republic or body politic; it is called by its members State when passive, Sovereign when active, and Power when compared with others like itself. Those who associated in it take collectively the name of people, and severally are called citizens, as sharing in the sovereign authority… 

"Again, the Sovereign, being formed wholly of the individuals who compose it, neither has nor can have any interest contrary to theirs; and consequently the sovereign power need give no guarantee to its subjects, because it is impossible for the body to wish to hurt all of its members."  

The sort of State we have now can barely be called a State at all. The people are not bound together by a social contract that clearly defines what is expected of each and every citizen. Instead, we merely have a collection of people - families and individuals - who have not signed up to any social contract and operate in their own interests rather than that of the collective. Negative liberty and free markets are the order of the day. No one cares about the existence of a huge underclass. This underclass is inconceivable in the State characterised by Rousseau (and the Illuminati).

Rousseau's position is that when everyone agrees to the social contract they become, in effect, cells in a new, vibrant, living and breathing entity called the State. The State, so to speak, is alive. It is a person with a mind. It acts in its own interest. In the same way that none of us, assuming we are happy and healthy, would ever deliberately cause harm to any part of ourselves because we would only be damaging ourselves, so Rousseau's State is incapable of harming any part of itself i.e. it will never do any damage to any of its cells - its citizens. 

Whereas Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan had everyone submitting to the power of the monarch (the Old World Order's familiar master and slave paradigm), Rousseau has everyone submitting to themselves (no masters and no slaves). That is, all cells/citizens are alike - none takes precedence over another - so to submit to the State is to submit to yourself, but with yourself multiplied as many times as there are citizens in the State.

In such a State, no citizen would ever be abandoned (as so many are in our shameful society), since the State is damaged if any of its cells is damaged. In other words, Rousseau's State inherently seeks the benefit of all. It would never favour one group over another, never permit some to enjoy great privilege, wealth and power while others are reduced to desperation, poverty and powerlessness. The Old World Order's version of the State is anathema to Rousseau.

If the State does not explicitly help to maximise the potential of every citizen then it is no State at all. It is a tyrant that must be overthrown. Its rule is illegal and no one need comply with it. That is the State in which we currently exist. It is an illegal tyranny of the Old World Order, designed to keep the vast majority of us in degrading servitude to the elite, dynastic bloodlines that have trampled over us for millennia.     

"It is solely on the basis of the common interest that every society should be governed."

Our society is governed on the basis of providing maximum service to privileged elites. There is no common interest.

"To be general, a will need not always be unanimous; but every vote must be counted: any formal exclusion is a breach of generality."

Consider the US election of 2000: the Supreme Court ignored the will of the American people.

The General Will
"The body politic, therefore, is also a moral being, possessed of a will; and this general will, which tends always to the preservation and welfare of the whole and of every part, and is the source of the laws, constitutes for all the members of the State, in their relations to one another and to it, the rule of what is just or unjust."

"It follows from what has gone before that the general will is always upright and always tends to the public advantage; but it does not follow that the deliberations of the people always have the same rectitude. Our will is always for our own good, but we do not always see what it is; the people is never corrupted, but it is often deceived, and on such occasions only does it seem to will what is bad.

"There is often a great deal of difference between the will of all and the general will; the latter considers only the common interest, while the former takes private interest into account, and is no more than a sum of particular wills: but take away from these same wills the pluses and minuses that cancel one another, and the general will remains as the sum of the differences.

"('Every interest,' says the Marquis d'Argenson, 'has different principles. The agreement of two particular interests is formed by opposition to a third.' He might have added that the agreement of all interests is formed by opposition to that of each. If there were no different interests, the common interest would be barely felt, as it would encounter no obstacle; all would go on of its own accord, and politics would cease to be an art.)

"If, when the people, being furnished with adequate information, held its deliberations, the citizens had no communication one with another, the grand total of the small differences would always give the general will, and the decision would always be good. But when intrigues arise, and partial associations are formed at the expense of the great association, the will of each of these associations becomes general in relation to its members, while it remains particular in relation to the State: it may then be said that there are no longer as many votes as there are men, but only as many as there are associations. The differences become less numerous and give a less general result. Lastly, when one of these associations is so great as to prevail over all the rest, the result is no longer a sum of small differences, but a single difference; in this case there is no longer a general will, and the opinion which prevails is purely particular.

"It is therefore essential, if the general will is to be able to make itself known, that there should be no partial society in the state and that each citizen should express only his own opinion. But if there are partial societies, it is best to have as many as possible and to prevent them from being unequal. These precautions are the only ones that can guarantee that the general will shall always be enlightened, and that the people shall in no way deceive itself."

Rousseau makes an astonishing point that is never discussed in the modern world. All political parties are "partial associations". They express a particular rather than a general will. When a Republican President is elected in America do you imagine for one moment that he operates in the interest of all Americans? You would have to be insane to believe that. A Republican President has to repay all of the people who put him there, he has to govern according to the Republican platform on which he stood, he has to satisfy his Republican constituency, he has to spread the Republican message, he has to put Republicans in as many influential positions as possible. In other words, a Republican President governs on behalf of the Republican Party i.e. a particular will. A Democratic President would do the same for his Democratic constituency. 

Democracy never expresses the general will. It never even comes close. It is always about satisfying particular, narrow agendas of self-interest of the victorious political party. It is astounding that such an ideology has managed to pass itself off as a vehicle of "government of the people, by the people, for the people." It is nothing of the kind. It is government of the people, by sectional interests for sectional interests.

In order to come close to "government for the people" it is necessary to abolish sectional interests i.e. political parties. The government of a nation should be placed in the hands of meritocratic independents with no party allegiances and no political axe to grind. Each independent should be elected by a constituency of people in that person's profession, who can vouch for his expertise, and who can remove him if he no longer commands their respect. The independents should then decide amongst themselves whom the President or Prime Minister should be. The idea of having a popularity contest between two individuals put forward by self-interested political parties is no basis for good governance of a nation. It leads to exactly the type of ineffectual government we have to endure now - the form of government that suits the Old World Order down to the ground since their power is never threatened.

The general will is directed solely to the common interest. It never serves one part of society at the expense of another. Under the operation of the general will, no one would feel alienated from the State. However, it is unclear how in practical terms the general will could ever be reliably and unambiguously expressed. Rousseau envisaged a highly educated, independently-minded citizen body, with none too rich or too poor, coming together in the absence of sectional interests for free and vigorous discussion. They would vote directly for the policies to be implemented by the executive. In the age of the internet, this has become a practical possibility, but far too many people are too poorly educated and there are too many groups with sectional interests that would sabotage any progress.

The Illuminati advocate the extension of humanity's most successful, objective and fairest tool - the scientific method - to the political arena to find the optimal way to express the general will. The scientific method involves putting forward hypotheses, testing them, refining them, testing them again in an iterative process that never truly ends, until a hypothesis is promoted to the status of theory ("law" might be a better term to show that theories have reached a condition where they are exceptionally difficult to overturn).

Why shouldn't the same thing be done in political terms? The aim of government is to find the best way to express the general will. So, why not implement hypotheses and test the impact they have on society? If they are unsuccessful, reject them; if they are reasonably successful, refine them to improve them, if they are wildly successful, enshrine then in the nation's Constitution. Isn't that method a far better one that letting moralising, deceitful wind-bags stand up in Congress or Parliament to express their tedious, anti-scientific prejudices that have succeeded only in delivering the soul-destroying world we endure now.

(The scientific method, an interative process in which hypotheses are continually refined to make them more and more robust, is closely related to Hegel's triadic dialectical method of thesis, antithesis and synthesis. Scientific theories, in a sense, are the synthesis of many preceding phases of thesis and antithesis.)

Extending Rousseau's idea, could there be a general will common to the whole human race rather than to just a community or nation-state? The New World Order seeks to find the general will for the whole world. In this sense, Rousseau's general will starts to resemble Teilhard's collective consciousness of humanity, evolving via the noosphere.

The idea of humanity acting with one consciousness is highly utopian. If you could feel your neighbour's pain via a collective consciousness, you would do everything in your power to help him because it would feel like your own personal pain, and everyone wants to remove their own pain. Suffering, poverty, selfishness, inequality, isolation and alienation would come to an end.

Kant's moral categorical imperative says, "Act only on that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law." If the State can be characterised as a person with a will then it becomes simple for the State to set categorical imperatives since every moral maxim is automatically a universal law. But if the State is not like this then there can be no categorical imperatives, just moral relativism expressed by sectional interests. Anything that approaches absolute morality, right and wrong, is only possible in a State in which every person is explicitly socially contracted to every other so that everyone acts in his own and everyone else's interests. In our present society, everyone acts in their own interest and there is no genuine morality.

But would this human collective suffer from groupthink and stagnation? Would it be cumbersome, inflexible, and slow to adapt? Would it be quasi-communist? (It must be emphasised that the Illuminati consider communism as disastrous as free market capitalism. They seek a middle way between these two damaging extremes, based on strong community values. The purpose of the State is to provide for the education, health, defence and economic stability of the nation: everything else can be left to communities, the stronger and more independent the better.) 

It is necessary to find the right balance between the individual and the community, between private consciousness and the collective consciousness. If the first is the thesis and the second the antithesis then the synthesis is meritocracy. Meritocracy is all about identifying excellent individuals who are dedicated to improving both themselves and their society. Could that ever be said of the Old World Order? The defining characteristic of the members of the OWO is that they seek excessive wealth and power. In our society, the greedy queue up at the money trough to gorge themselves. Not once do they consider that they are doing anything wrong. These people shouldn't be allowed within a million miles of positions of power over the body politic.

In the Harry Potter children's book series, a concept called the Horcrux is discussed. It is derived from an old tradition that magicians and wizards can separate their soul from their body. By hiding their soul in a special, secret place, they can safeguard it from harm and make themselves invulnerable. Since their "life" is no longer in their body, they cannot die.

To increase the dramatic effect, the Harry Potter author JK Rowling created the innovation of allowing the soul to be split into many parts, each of which could be placed in a special, magical container called a Horcrux. A master wizard can be killed only when all of his Horcruxes have been destroyed. (Note that a soul is traditionally defined as indivisible, which would make Rowling's treatment of the soul as splittable absurd.) 

Now imagine this scenario. The human race has a single soul that has been distributed amongst every human i.e. every person is a Horcrux. Each human has only a partial not a full soul: all the partials souls are inter-dependent. To destroy humanity's soul, every human has to be killed. 

What if God demanded that in order for humanity to be saved, every partial soul must be good? One evil "partial" soul would condemn humanity to hell. What if God had given humanity a certain amount of time in which to develop a system for ensuring that all partial souls are good?

If humanity is judged on a collective level, not an individual basis, then your fate is tied to everyone else's. If one person is evil, humanity is finished.

Given that your personal fate and that of the whole of humanity is at stake, what system would you create to ensure that people are good? Isn't the general will, the collective consciousness, the weltgeist (the world spirit), the volkgeist (the spirit of the people), the anima mundi (the world soul) the answer? Individuals would set aside personal and sectional interests and act only for the common good. If everyone obeys the general will, humanity is saved. If anyone disobeys the general will, even just one person, we are damned.

Imagine that Satan's mission was to destroy the general will. At every turn, he promotes personal and sectional interests. If he succeeds, humanity is lost and he collects the human soul in his kingdom of hell.

The Old World Order is Satan's creation for ensuring that selfish interests defeat the general will. He needs power over only one partial soul for him to succeed. As it is, he has power over almost the whole of humanity.

Only the Illuminati stand against him. Only the New World Order, and the expression of the people's general will, can save us.

(The concept of split souls is not the basis of the Illuminati's religion, but it serves as a useful way of thinking about the inter-dependence of human beings, and how we all need to look out for each other.) 

If the general will were truly to manifest itself, we would be living in a utopia. There would be no evil and no Old World Order. Isn't it time we set to work to deliver the world all good people deserve?

Everyone, acting in their rational self-interest, should sign the social contract. No longer should you put yourself or your family above all else. If you really want to do the best for your family, you should do your best for every other family. Our salvation lies in finding the best amongst us and putting them in the most important jobs. Your neighbour should be as important to you as you are, and you to he. The Old World Order's model of complete selfishness and trampling everyone into the dust in order to ensure that they and theirs prosper is ended.

Let's begin humanity's most magnificent task, the creation of a New World Order.

The Jacobin Clubs

In France, members of the Dominican Order of Roman Catholicism were known as Jacobins because their first monastery in Paris was in the Rue St Jacques. When a group of French revolutionaries rented the refectory of a Dominican monastery, they were nicknamed the Jacobin Club. The Jacobins set up chapters all over France and became the dominant force in revolutionary France. The Club was shut down after the fall of its most influential members, the Illuminists Robespierre and Saint-Just.

The Jacobins are often branded proto-communists and extreme left wingers. In fact, they were simply those who wished to create a Republic of just laws based on the principles of freedom, equality and brotherhood. What's extreme about that? They were determined to bring to an end the evil tyranny of despotic rule by a king and the privileged elites who supported him. What's wrong with that?

Isn't it time for new Jacobin Clubs around the world, sustained by the internet? The Jacobin Clubs changed France and the whole world. They did it before and they can do it again. The New World Order - the implementation of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Social Contract - is the prize that awaits the rebirth of Jacobinism, the irresistible force that destroyed the corrupt monarchy of Louis XVI. Louis was a leading member of the Old World Order. The Jacobins are those who can deliver the world from the stranglehold of the Old World Order. The OWO are terrified of the Jacobins.   

Black radical leader Marcus Garvey said, "The whole world is run on bluff. No race, no nation, no man has any divine right to take advantage of others. Why allow the other fellow to bluff you?"
Isn't it time to call the Old World Order's bluff?
H L Mencken said, "To believe passionately in the palpably not true…is the chief occupation of mankind."
Christianity, Judaism and Islam are palpably false. Democracy is palpably not government of the people, by the people and for the people. The government and economy of every nation are palpably not under the control of the people. Isn't it time to wake up? Isn't it time for the palpably true?
In Great Britain, a so-called advanced nation, more and more of the top jobs are reserved for the privileged elite. Social mobility has gone into sharp reverse. One commentator said, "Far more important to employers than qualifications, it turns out, are those elusive attributes of articulacy, tact and team-working that form the social codes of business and the professions - the attributes, in short, of the white upper middle class. Like it or not, if social mobility is to improve, it is essential for poor children to be taught these codes of the dominant culture."  
What is the message here? Forget merit. If you want to succeed, imitate the dominant upper middle class. Become a Freemason. What a disgusting and nauseating message. We need the new Jacobins more than ever. We can increase social mobility very easily - by destroying the power of the privileged elites. We don't need to imitate them. They need to fall into line with the just will of the people.
It's time to end the rule of the global elite, the masters of the universe, the Old World Order.




By emphasizing
Himmler’s occult whimsies and these mystifications, the authors of the “Nazi
Mysteries” give weight to the pseudoreligious image of the SS. By contrast, the
police and security services, the cruelty of their slave labor programs, and the
terrible extermination camps are diminished. Romantic details such as the alleged
search for the Holy Grail, the meditations of the inner leadership, comparisons
of the Black Order to the Jesuits of St. Ignatius Loyola,Arthurian and
Germanic symbolism and the strange ceremonies for the dead at the Wewelsburg
all tend to obscure the brutal, violent nature of the SS behind an aura of
magic and mystery.

Alan Baker has recently sought to document and analyze this genre of Nazi
occultism. The subject is complicated by the fact that early (pre-Nazi) völkisch
and Pan-German racist groups before and after the First World War were definitely
influenced by esoteric ideas. The construction of the Aryan myth indicating
the polar origins of the Nordic race certainly had deep roots in European
Romanticism and late nineteenth-century Theosophy, and flourished in
such movements as Ariosophy. Despite this ideological affinity, Baker accepts
that evidence that Hitler and other leading Nazis practiced black magic is very
weak. Once again, one travels through the tangled mythology of the post-
1960 genre attributing occult powers to the Nazis, including Trevor Ravenscroft’s
The Spear of Destiny, the fringe cosmologies of Hanns Hörbiger’s
World Ice Theory and the Hollow Earth Theory and ongoing sagas of secret
Nazi activities involving Antarctica and UFOs. It is, as Baker argues, a valid
field of inquiry, irrespective of the dubious nature of this latter-day literature.
Just as the Nazis mythologized the history of their putative Aryan ancestors in
order to legitimize their claims to racial superiority, so the Nazis themselves
have been mythologized as a uniquely evil force by modern writers in the
fields of occultism and conspiracy theory.

The lightning successes of the Nazis, both electorally and later militarily,
together with their manifest evil, stimulated notions of their demonic inspiration
as early as the mid-1930s among esoteric writers in France. The destructiveness
of Nazism and the macabre irrationality of the Holocaust
begged a religious interpretation involving a dualistic war in heaven, satanic
inspiration and the use of dark forces. Initially canvassed from the 1960s onward
in popular literature, this fanciful demonization of Nazism has created
and perpetuated an occult image of Hitler, National Socialism and the Third
Reich. But while the authors of the “Nazi Mysteries” write in a speculative
spirit, their readers are often less skeptical. Once thriller writers borrowed its
materials, the “Occult Reich” became even more commonplace in popular
discourse. In this process, Nazism was credited with the status of a perverse
theology, complete with doctrine, prophecies, rituals and ceremonies. In the
course of the 1970s and 1980s,mystical neo-Nazis commandeered this sensational
mysteriosophy of the Thule Society and Wewelsburg to create new Nazi
cults involving Gnosticism and satanism. The original stigmatization of
Nazism as pure evil was thus inverted to celebrate the very taboos of the liberal
democratic world as the forbidden gods of a dark realm.



The term Black Sun (German Schwarze Sonne), also referred to as the Sonnenrad (the German for "Sun Wheel"), is a symbol of esoteric or occult significance, notable for its usage in Nazi mysticism.Today, it may also be used in occult currents of Germanic neopaganism, and in Irminenschaft or Armanenschaft-inspired esotericism.

Historical background

The design has loose visual parallels in Migration Age Alemannic brooches (Zierscheiben), possibly a variation of the Roman swastika fibula, thought to have been worn on Frankish and Alemannic women's belts.[1] Some Alemannic or Bavarian specimens incorporate a swastika symbol at the center.[2] The number of rays in the brooches varies between five and twelve.

Goodrick-Clarke (2002) does connect the Wewelsburg design with the Early Medieval Germanic brooches, and does assume that the original artefacts had a solar significance, stating that"this twelve-spoke sun wheel derives from decorative disks of the Merovingians of the early medieval period and are supposed to represent the visible sun or its passage through the months of the year."[3] He further refers to scholarly discussion of the brooches in Nazi Germany,[4] allowing for the possibility that the designers of the Wewelsburg mosaic were indeed inspired by these historical precedents.

The Wewelsburg mosaic

The shape of the symbol as it is used within Germanic mysticist esotericism and Neo-Nazism today is based primarily on the design of a floor mosaic at the castle of Wewelsburg (built 1603), a Renaissance castle located in the northwest of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

During the Third Reich the castle was to become a representative and ideological center of the order of the SS. Heinrich Himmler, the leader of the SS, wanted to establish the "Center of the New World"[5] . A focus of the actual SS-activities at the castle were archaeological excavations in the surrounding region and studies on Germanic early history [6] [7] .

The mosaic is located in the ground floor room of the North-Tower of the castle, in the so-called Obergruppenführersaal ("Obergruppenführer hall", completed 1939-1943) [8] (see photo of the room). The "Obergruppenführer" (literally: "Upper-Group-Leaders") were the highest ranking SS-generals. It is not known if the SS had a special name for the ornament, or if they attributed a special meaning to it. The sun wheel is significant for the Germanic light- and sun-mysticism [9] which was propagated by the SS. In their studies on sense characters, the sun apart was interpreted as "the strongest and most visible expression of god", the number twelve as significant for "the things of the target and the completion" [10] . The mosaic at Wewelsburg itself is dark green (see two photos: top view and close-up in high-resolution (1,1 MB)) on a whitish/greyish marble floor. Probably a golden disc was originally located in the middle of the ornament.[11] [12]

Traditional religion was to be replaced by a "völkisch" (folkish or racial) cult. Instead of Christianity, Himmler wanted a moral doctrine derived from the pre-Christian pagan Germanic heritage. Cultic ceremonies and rituals were part of the everyday life of the SS. The Wewelsburg was to be a center of a "kind-accordant" religion (German: "artgemäße" Religion) [13] [14] - a world-view which was essentially (intended to be) a "revival" of ancient (pre-Christian) Germanic paganism.

In the studies, done during the Third Reich, of the beliefs of the pre-Christian Germanic ancestors, it was estimated that these pagan ancestors believed in "a big force or a big god in the background of the multiplicity of gods and spirits who becomes visible in a multiple way in the universe, on earth and in the life of all beings and facts". So the sun was interpreted as "only one, but a very important and big expression (of that force or god) in the surrounding events and in the life of the ancestors". [15]

The North-Tower of the castle was to be the center of a planned circular estate, 1.27 kilometres in diameter[16] [17] (also see the architectural drawing and model from 1944). The architects called the complex the "Center of the World" from 1941 on.

The North-Tower, which had survived a ruin after 1815, only assumed importance for Himmler starting in the autumn of 1935. In the process of Himmler establishing the castle as a cult site (an ideological and religious center of the SS), the tower was to serve the highest-ranking SS leaders as a meeting place and probably as location for quasi-religious devotions. Nothing is known about the possible way and the kind of arrangement of designated ceremonies in the tower - the redesigned rooms were never used.[18] According to the architects, the axis of the North-Tower was to be the actual "Center of the World"[19] .

The inside of the complete castle was redesigned in an NS-specific mythological way (see the Wewelsburg SS School).SS architect Hermann Bartels presented a first draft of plans that envisioned using the North Tower on three different levels:

Where primary a cistern was a vault after the model of Mycenaean domed tombs was created which probably was to serve for some kind of commemoration of the dead (see photo). The room is unfinished. In the middle exists a preparation for an eternal flame.
A "columned hall" was to be constructed on the ground floor for the SS-Obergruppenführer. The sun wheel - shaped ornament, later called the "Black Sun", is placed here (see another photo of the room).
Finally, the upper floors were to be completed as a meeting hall for the entire corps of the SS Gruppenführer (not realized).
However, a meeting in the first floor mosaic room never occurred - the building work at the room was stopped in 1943.[20]

In 1945, when the "final victory" didn't materialize, the castle was partially blasted and set on fire by the SS, but the two redesigned rooms in the North-Tower stayed intact.

Usually the room where the sun wheel is placed can only be viewed from the outside, through a lattice door. Due to the lighting conditions, the mosaic in the floor looks black and not green - a possible reason for the name "Black Sun" (see another photo).

It is not known whether this symbol was placed in the marble floor at Wewelsburg before or after the National Socialist Regime and the taking over of the castle by Himmler. There is speculation as to whether the symbol was put into the hall by the Nazis or whether it was there a long time before but there is no definitive proof either way. It must be noted that the book sold by the Wewelsburg museum on the history of the castle from 1933 to 1945 makes no mention of who put it there. The plans for the North Tower by SS architect Hermann Bartels make no mention of it. Scholars today are reluctant to say with any certainty why it was put there, or by whom.[21] Because the ceilings of the North-Tower were cast in concrete and faced with natural stone during the Third Reich, it is more likely that the ornament was created during the Himmler era.

There is, although its origins are unknown, an identical rendition of the Wewelsburg Schwarze Sonne in a wall painting at a World War II military bunker memorial to Bismarck at Hamburg below a statue of Bismarck (see Bismarck-Monument (Hamburg)). It is with a central piece incorporating a sunwheel and swastikas and the texts "Nicht durch Reden werden große Fragen entschieden, sondern durch Eisen und Blut" ("Great questions will not be resolved by talk, but by iron and blood").[22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28]

The Vienna Circle

The "Black Sun" is often associated with the mystic-esoteric aspects of National Socialism. Origin of a phantastic post war "SS mysticism" which refers to the "Black Sun" is a right-wing esoteric circle in Vienna in the early 1950s.[29]

The former SS member Wilhelm Landig of the Vienna Circle (esoteric) "coined the idea of the Black Sun, a substitute swastika and mystical source of energy capable of regenerating the Aryan race"[30]

Rudolf J. Mund (also a former SS member and later also member of the Vienna Circle) discusses a relationship of the Black Sun with alchemy. The visible sun is described as a symbol of an invisible anti-sun: "Everything what can be comprehended by human senses is material, is the shadow of the invisible spiritual light. The material fire is - seen in this way - also only the shadow of the spiritual fire." [31]

Nazi and Neo-Nazi significance

The term Black Sun may originate with the mystical "Central Sun" in Helena Blavatsky's Theosophy. This invisible or burnt out Sun (Karl Maria Wiligut's Santur in Nazi mysticism) symbolizes an opposing force or pole. Emil Rüdiger, of Rudolf John Gorslebens Edda-Gesellschaft (Edda Society), claimed that a fight between the new and the old Suns was decided 330,000 years ago, and that Santur had been the source of power of the Hyperboreans.

The Wewelsburg symbol can be deconstructed into three swastikas; a "rising", a "zenith" & a "setting" one, the design is popular among German Neo-Nazis as a replacement for the outlawed singular swastika symbol. Another interpretation is that the symbol incorporates twelve reversed "Sig runes" of the Armanen runes.

Allegedly, the design was drawn for Heinrich Himmler from an "old Aryan emblem",http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsblacksun.htm and was meant to mimic the Round table of Arthurian legend with each spoke of the sun wheel representing one "knight" or Officer of the "inner" SS. According to James Twining, "The symbol of the Black Sun unites the three most important symbols of Nazi ideology - the sun wheel, the swastika and the stylised victory rune." and that it is symbolic in its form representing "the twelve SS Knights of The Order of the Death's Head and their three retainers).[32]

Erich Halik was the first to link the esoteric SS with the Black Sun roundel insignia carried by German aircraft in the polar region at the close of World War II.[33] [34]

An image in Elemente, (No. 6, 1998) the journal of the Kassel-based Thule-Seminar http://www.thule-seminar.org/, shows a martial warrior holding a shield decorated with the Wewelsburg sun wheel. His upheld sword proclaims the struggle for "rebirth of Europe" against the "holocaust of peoples on the altar of multiculturalism." The German volkish magazine Sol Invictus (magazine) uses the symbol as its masthead. The issue devoted to 'Midnight' shows two sombre knights standing guard beneath the sun wheel symbol.

Contemporary esotericism

Black Sun Oasis is a chartered local body of Ordo Templi Orientis, (located in Akron, Ohio).

The Black Sun Rising Pylon is a local body of the Temple of Set in New York, NY.

The symbol has been used by a variety of esotericists; for example, as the name of the well-known Black Sun Press of Mary Phelps Jacob, as well as the official symbol of the occult group Black Order of the Theozoa.

Occasionally, and unscientifically, black dwarfs are referred to as black suns. This is not entirely unrelated to the esoteric meaning, since ariosophy alleges a burnt out sun that was the source of power of the Aryans in some mystical past (see also Karl Maria Wiligut). Others regard the Black Sun as a black hole; before the term black hole was invented in 1967, black holes (then still theoretical) were sometimes called black stars or dark stars. (In episode number 21 of the original Star Trek, Tomorrow Is Yesterday (TOS episode), made before the term black hole was invented, what we today call a black hole was termed a "black star".) Still others, such as Miguel Serrano, think of the Black Sun as a wormhole. Uses of the term in science fiction and fantasy literature are influenced by a combination of the esoteric and the astronomical meaning. See Black Sun (disambiguation) for examples of the term as used in popular culture.

In Edmonton, Canada, there is a company called 'Black Sun Rising', a book and media store, which uses the 'Black Sun' as its logo, as well as selling T-shirts with the 'Black Sun' image and the words "Truth, Honour, Loyalty" and the company name encircled around it. http://www.blacksunrising.net/bsr.gif

Alternative design

The symbol of the Black Sun also has an alternative design, possibly a phantasy product of postwar writers, allegedly known as the "Geheimnis Schwarze Sonne" (this name could also be based on a misunderstanding related to the German book-title "Die innere Welt - das Geheimnis der schwarzen Sonne" (The inner word - the secret of the Black Sun)). The symbol has no direct relationship with Nazism, Himmler or Wewelsburg. Some writers stipulate that this Black Sun symbolism formed a central doctrine to the pre-Nazi secret societies, namely the Black Sun, the Thule Society (Thule-Gesellschaft) and von Liebenfels' Order of the New Templars (Ordo Novi Templi).

In 1988/1990 and 1992 respectively, Austrian researchers Norbert Jürgen Ratthofer and Ralf Ettl produced the documentaries "UFO - Das Dritte Reich schlägt zurück? (1998/1990) (UFO - The Third Reich Strikes Back?)"[35] [36] and "UFO - Geheimnisse des Dritten Reichs (1990) (UFO - Secrets of the Third Reich)"[37] [38] which talks of the Thule Society with the Geheimnis Schwarze Sun flashing on screen and talking about it. Professor Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke states that "In the early 1990s, the Austrians Norbert Jürgen Ratthofer and Ralf Ettl and developed new nazi UFO myths involving ancient Babylon, Vril energy and extraterrestrial civilisation in the solar system of Aldebaran. These colourful ideas are integral elements of a dualist Marcionite religion propagated by Ralf Ettl through his Tempelhofgesellschaft (Temple Sociey) in Vienna, identified as a secret successor to the historic Templars, who had absorbed Gnosti and heretical ideas in the Levant"[39] Ratthofer and Ettl state in "UFO - Geheimnisse des Dritten Reichs (1990) (UFO - Secrets of the Third Reich)"[37] that "Within the SS the Thule Society created a separate secret organisation called the "Black Sun"" with the "Geheimnis Schwarze Sonne" as its logo.

In 1997 author Peter Moon (real name: Vince Barbarick), wrote a book entitled 'The Black Sun: Montauk's Nazi-Tibetan Connection' in which he refers to this image as the 'Signet of the Black Sun' (a secret order in Germany, also referred to as the 'Order of the Black Sun') and that it is "the symbol of the innermost secret society of Nazi Germany: the Black Sun. It is illegal to print or display this symbol in Germany today."[40] This image and information was, according to Moon, originally provided to him by van Helsing around 1996, along with additional information on Nazi flying discs. Moon alleges that Helsing allegedly got it from Templar groups who emerged from East Germany after the Berlin Wall fell and Germany reunited. The German edition of Moons book on the Black Sun had to have the image removed.

Van Helsing, however, did not write specifically on this symbol and mentioned the Black Sun just in a few phrases. But, from what Moon states, van Helsing could be talking about Ralf Ettl and his Tempelhofgesellschaft (Temple Sociey) in Vienna, identified as a secret successor to the historic Templars.

In 2005 American Scholar Dr. Joseph P. Farrell, in his book 'Reich of the Black Sun', states that this image was adopted by the Thule Society but also adopted as an emblem for von Liebenfels' New Templates.[41] Scholar Joseph P. Farrell states that in contemporary German Federal Law it is firbidden to be displayed.[41] Farrell doesn't cite any sources, either referring to Norbert Jürgen Ratthofer and Ralf Ettl, Jan van Helsing or Peter Moon. Additionally, he states it was adopted by the Thule Society and the New Templars, without citation, and in contradiction to the information supplied by van Helsing and Moon. Farrell has stated that as for primary sources, he does not have one other than Ralf Ettl and Juergen Ratthofer for the Black Sun concept.[42]

In 2007 author Ron McVan publshed written works within a Wotanist context utilising the Alternative Black Sun Symbol.[43] .

The transliteration of the text around the signet seen here, beginning from its upper left corner and proceeding around clockwise, is as of today unstranslated.

British Professor Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke B.A. doesn't mention this image in either of his books on the history of occultism in Nazi Germany but shows the Thule Society emblem to have been this image[44] [45] and Liebenfels' New Templars logo to be this image.[46]

Popular culture

Fiction

Science Fiction author J.G.Ballard uses the term in "The Day of Forever"

In the novels of the film "Star Wars" the term "black sun" is the name of the most powerful criminal organisation which supports the galactic empire.

The symbol is used on the cover of the fictional novel "The Black Sun" by James Twining http://www.jamestwining.com/Resources/Black_Sun_Cover.htm http://www.jamestwining.com/TBS_Facts/BS_Sun.htm and is mentioned extensively. Although, on the cover of the book the image is incorrect facing in the wrong direction.

The symbol is also used on the cover of the fiction novel "Black Order" by James Rollins and is mentioned extensively in it as well.

It name (not the symbol) is mentioned in the novel Black Sun Rising by Celia S. Friedman

It features in the novel Swastika by Michael Slade.

In the occult-Nazi thriller Die Schwarze Sonne von Tashi Lhunpo (The Black Sun of Tashi Lhunpo) by Russell McCloud (Stephan Mögle-Stadel) http://welt-buerger.org/bio_sms.php in 1991, the assassinations of the president of the European Bank and a leading member of the UN Security Council are linked by a brand mark of the symbol of the Black Sun on the foreheads of the victims. McCloud is the first writer to identify the Wewelsburg sun wheel with the Black Sun myth (of Wilhelm Landig), thereby indicating the esoteric influence of Wiligut and the SS heritage and Aryan-theosophical lore at the heart of Himmler's imaginative world. Arun-Verlag in Engerda (in the former German Democratic Replublic) have publised further editions and a film script of the book.

The Nation Europa book mail-order catalogue offers Black Sun symbol stickpins and a wristwatch with a Black Sun face.

The book Unheilige Allianzen by Christian Dornbusch and Hans-Peter Killguss discusses the symbol http://www.turnitdown.de/526.html. An interview with the authors regarding this symbol is here http://www.vampster.com/artikel/show/?id=19864

Film

In the film The Fifth Element by Luc Besson the term "Black Sun" emerges as an unknown power, which will destroy the universe.

The symbol appears, along with Hans Kammler, in the 2009 movie Iron Sky.

Music

It is used as well as in the in lyrics of the experimental music groups Coil, Death In June, Von Thronstahl and as the title of a song by Dead Can Dance and E Nomine[47] It features in the name of Coil-related experimental band Black Sun Productions.

In 1996 Holger Fiala (Holger F.) of the band Belborn published, under the alias "Beltane" two designs, a Kruckenkreuz http://www.heathenharvest.com/mediagallery/media.php?aid=9&f=1&s=7 and a Black Sun, http://www.heathenharvest.com/mediagallery/media.php?aid=9&f=1&s=5 in the inlay book to one of their CDs in honours of Leni Riefenstahl.

The Black Sun was recently used on the cover of the Lord Wind album Atlantean Monument http://www.thepaganfront.com/graveland/pic/lordwind_2006front.jpg

It also refers to Black Sun Empire - a DJ organisation.

The band Staatsfein used the symbol on their album cover 'Democracy' http://www.dasversteckspiel.de/bilder/schwarze_Sonne_1.jpg It also appears on the cover of Süddeutscher Nachwuchs / Best of Schwarze Sonne Versand http://www.odinseye.de/shop/index.php?mp=products&file=info&products_id=168&OOSSID=5a4b3cb370029f7f4f2eb3e063600663

Kadmon (Gerhard Patek), an industrial musician in Vienna, publishes Aorta (1991-1995), a periodical devoted to pagan tradition. Allerseelen, Kadmon's musical project, has released a CD, Gotos=Kalanda (1995), adapted from Wiliguts pagan calandar cycle of poems presented to Himmler in 1937. The Wewelsburg Black Sun is prominent on Patek's letterhead and the Allerseelen label. [48] [49]

'Schwarze Sonne' is the name of a dark ritual band from Germany. http://welcome.to/schwarze-sonne

It is an American band http://passonno.googlepages.com/home

Other

Throughout Germany the Schwarze Sonne is sold on many items such as pillows, shirts, pins, flags, patches, etc. http://www.christhuntproductions.de/osc/catalog/advanced_search_result.php?keywords=sonne&x=0&y=0 http://www.odinseye.de/shop/index.php?OOSSID=9fda95d8cef71c93317015aa03946c46&mp=search&file=advanced_result&keywords=schwarze&OOSSID=9fda95d8cef71c93317015aa03946c46&x=0&y=0 http://br-versand.de/laden/advanced_search_result.php?keywords=sonne&x=0&y=0 http://aryanwear.com/product_info.php?cPath=42&products_id=306&osCsid=1cd90981369108a41c6d56a39a975df0

It is the logo of http://www.schwarzesonneversand.de/index.html?fahnen.htm and http://www.muspellrecords.com/shop/index.php?osCsid=b2cf9f1717a037070fcbe18e7a61f57d and http://einkaufen.wikingerversand.de/store/

The symbol is also used by anti-semitic Satan-Worshipers http://www.666blacksun.com/Main.html

Cover of the 2008 book Der Engel der Schwarzen Sonne by Sahid el Farrak

See also

Black Sun (book by Goodrick-Clarke)
Esoteric Nazism
Neo-völkisch movements
Esotericism in Germany and Austria
Nazi occultism
Sun cross
Fascist symbolism
Thule-Seminar
Karl Maria Wiligut
Suns in alchemy
Solar symbols
Further study

Scholarly
Rüdiger Sünner: Schwarze Sonne (book). Entfesselung und Missbrauch der Mythen in Nationalsozialismus und rechter Esoterik. Freiburg i. Br. Verlag Herder/Spektrum, 1999, ISBN 3451271869. Sünner also produced the DVD documentary of the same name to accompany his book.
Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas: Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity. New York University Press, New York 2003.
Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas: The Occult Roots of Nazism
Friedrich Paul Heller, Anton Maegerle: Die Sprache des Hasses. Rechtsextremismus und völkische Esoterik. Schmetterling-Verlag, Stuttgart 2001
Friedrich Paul Heller, Anton Maegerle: Thule. Vom völkischen Okkultismus bis zur Neuen Rechten. 2. Aufl. Stuttgart, Schmetterling-Verlag 1998
Cook, Stephen, Heinrich Himmler's Camelot: Pictorial/documentary: The Wewelsburg Ideological Center of the SS, 1934-1945 (Kressmann-Backmeyer, 1999)
Occult
M. B. Hasler, Die Schwarze Sonne. Göttliches Licht der Erkenntnis, ISBN 3980879402
Rudolf J. Mund, Mythos Schwarze Sonne, ISBN 3833411228
Documentary
Schwarze Sonne documentary by Rüdiger Sünner. Sünner also produced a book to accompany this documentary.
(1998), directed by Tracy Atkinson and Joan Baran, narrated by Malcolm McDowell.
The Occult History of the Third Reich, Starring: Patrick Allen, Director: Dave Flitton
Adolf Hitler - Occult History Of The Third Reich
The SS: Blood And Soil - Occult History Of The Third Reich
Himmler The Mystic - Occult History Of The Third Reich
The Enigma Of The Swastika - Occult History Of The Third Reich
"Decoding the Past" Episode: The Nazi Prophecies" by the History Channel http://www.thehistorychannel.co.uk/site/tv_guide/full_details/Conflict/programme_3089.php http://store.aetv.com/html/product/index.jhtml?id=74536&browseCategoryId=&location=&parentcatid=&subcatid=
Hitler and the Occult by the History Channel http://store.aetv.com/html/product/index.jhtml?id=72289
In 1994, Channel 4 ran a Michael Wood documentary entitled Hitler's Search for the Holy Grail, as part of its "Secret History" series. http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/n-s/nazimyths.html
Unsolved Mysteries of World War II
Occult & Secrets, also known as Volume 3 in the series.

Rudolf Hess (Occult)
Hitler's Secret Weapons
Enigma of the Swastika (Occult)
Himmler's Castle: Wewelsburg (Occult)
The Last Days of Hitler
Decision At Dunkirk/Stalin's Secret Armies
(Different editions have different episodes) http://www.amazon.ca/dp/6305202885 http://66.102.9.104/search?q=cache:OKxPi3EdqgwJ:www.bestprices.com/cgi-bin/vlink/056775007195.html+%22Unsolved+Mysteries+of+World+War+II%22+VOLUME+3&hl=en&gl=uk&ct=clnk&cd=5 http://www.amazon.com/dp/6305202958 http://web.singnet.com.sg/~jollyroger/GM2/books/dvd1.htm

External links

Topview on the floor-ornament in the Obergruppenführersaal
The North Tower of Wewelsburg Castle
Alt Religions entry for the Black Sun
James Twining on the black sun
Wewelsburg: Building projects and Sun Wheel (in German)
Notes and References

'Derhain website article (In German) on the Schwarze Sonne (In English); Jadu article; Haag Museum; 'Personal website' of James Twining.; Artfond website article on the Schwarze Sonne
'Jadu article
Haag Museum'
'Black Sun (book by Goodrick-Clarke)
: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity' by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke.

References in Rüdiger Sünner, Schwarze Sonne: Entfesselung und Mißbrauch der Mythen in Nationalsozialismus und rechter Esoterik (Freiburg: Herder, 1999), pp. 148, 245 (note 426):'Die durchbrochenen Zierscheiben der Merowingerzeit' (Mainz: Röm-German. Zentralmuseum, 1970) by Dorothee Renner. Examples of symbols very similar to the Wewelsburg sun wheel occur in Mannus 28 (1936), 270; Walther Veeck, Die Alemannen in Württemberg (Berlin and Leipzig:DeGruyter, 1931); Hans Reinerth (ed.), Die Vorgeschichte der Deutschen Stämme, 3 vols. (Berlin: Bibliographisches Institut, 1940), vol. 2, plate 219.
http://www.nationalsozialismus.de/lexikon/ss-die-wewelsburg SS - Die Wewelsburg
http://www.lwl.org/westfaelische-geschichte/portal/Internet/finde/langDatensatz.php?urlID=474&url_tabelle=tab_medien Takeover of the Castle by Himmler 1934
http://www.ns-gedenkstaetten.de/nrw/de/wewelsburg/thema_3/ss_zweckforschungen.html Information about archaeological activities
'Wewelsburg 1933 bis 1945. Kult-und-Terrorstätte der SS. Eine Dokumentation (Schriftenreihe des Kreismuseums Wewelsburg 1), 2nd Edition Paderborn 1987.' by Karl Hüser and translated into English in 2000 by Robin Benson
http://www.ruedigersuenner.de/drachen.html Drachen, Helden, Nachtmeerfahrten - Die Archetypenlehre von C.G. Jung
Walther Blachetta: Das Buch der deutschen Sinnzeichen (The book of German sense characters); reprint of 1941; page 15/16: interpretation of the sun and page 80: interpretation of the number twelve.
The Schwarze Sonne documentary by Rüdiger Sünner contains as bonus material an interview with the DVD's producer in which he states this.
At the end of this article a "plate of pure gold in the axis of the sun wheel" is mentioned.
http://www.nationalsozialismus.de/lexikon/ss-die-wewelsburg "SS - Wewelsburg (Castle)"
http://www.nationalsozialismus.de/lexikon/heinrich-himmler Heinrich Himmler
Walther Blachetta: Das Buch der deutschen Sinnzeichen (The book of German sense characters); reprint of 1941; page 7: Introduction
http://www.nationalsozialismus.de/lexikon/ss-die-wewelsburg Nationalsozialismus.de » SS - Die Wewelsburg
http://www.ns-gedenkstaetten.de/nrw/de/wewelsburg/thema_3/index.html#architektur Kreismuseum Wewelsburg - Die SS Schule Haus Wewelsburg
In the German article this is stated.
The Schwarze Sonne documentary by Rüdiger Sünner contains as bonus material an interview with the DVD-producer in which he states this.
Wewelsburg 1933 bis 1945. Kult-und-Terrorstätte der SS. Eine Dokumentation (Schriftenreihe des Kreismuseums Wewelsburg 1), 2nd Edition Paderborn 1987. Karl Hüser; translated into English in 2000 by Robin Benson and Interview with Kirsten John-Stucke, Vize-Director of the memorial-place Wewelsburg (in German)
'Wewelsburg 1933 bis 1945. Kult-und-Terrorstätte der SS. Eine Dokumentation (Schriftenreihe des Kreismuseums Wewelsburg 1), 2nd Edition Paderborn 1987.' by Karl Hüser and translated into English in 2000 by Robin Benson and 'Black Sun (book by Goodrick-Clarke): Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity' by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke and extensive pictorial illustration is provided by Stuart Russell and Jost W. Schneider, Heinrich Himmler's Burg. Das weltanschauliche Zentrum der SS: Bildchronik der SS-Schule Haus Wewelsburg 1934-1945 (Landshut, Germany: RVG, 1989). Photographs of the Sun Wheel appear ibid, pp. 81-82 - this has been translated into English and is sold by the Wewelsburg museum
'Die Schwarzesonne (Revised)' by Steve Anthonijsz (Radböd Ártisson).
'German Wikipedia article on Bismarck-Denkmal (Hamburg)'.
'English Wikipedia article on Bismarck-Denkmal (Hamburg)'.
[Hamburg Morning Post]
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismarck-Denkmal_%28Hamburg%29 German Wikipedia Article
http://www.politische-bildung-brandenburg.de/extrem/heiden.htm Braune Lichtmenschen. Anmerkungen zum Heidentum in rechtsextremen Szenen
http://www.mopo.de/2006/20060720/hamburg/panorama/der_titan_vom_kiez_wird_100.html Hamburger Morgenpost - www.mopo.de - Nachrichten Hamburg Panorama
http://www.iivs.de/~iivs01311/H-B-K/deba.hi.05.htm Wien als Brutstätte des okkulten Faschismus
Black Sun by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke (2002)
Rudolf J. Mund: Das Mysterium der Schwarzen Sonne; Kapitel: Die Esoterik der "Schwärze" (The mystery of the Black Sun; chapter: The esotericism of the "black")
'Personal website' of James Twining.
Black Sun by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke (2002)
 "Um Krone und Gipfel der Welt" (Mensch und Schicksal 6, No. 10 (1 August 1952), pp. 3-5) by Erich Halik (Claude Schweikhart)
Goodricke Clarke in Black Sun says 1990 but Henry Stevens in Hitler's Flying Saucers says 1988
(viewable here in German)
(viewable here in German and here in English)
Kasen, Victor Ordell L: 'Das Geheimnis der Schwarze Sonne: Hinter der Geheimnis Schwarze Sonne', Salop 1993.
Goodricke-Clarke, Black Sun, page 194
Moon, Peter; 'The Black Sun: Montauk's Nazi-Tibetan Connection'
Farrell, Joseph P.; 'Reich of the Black Sun' p175
[Norbert Jürgen Ratthofer]
http://www.vinlandfolkresistance.com/articles/200710/McVan_TheBlackSun.html
Goodricke-Clarke, Nicholas; 'Occult Roots of Nazism: The Ariosophists of Austria and Germany, 1890-1935'
Goodricke-Clarke, Nicholas; 'Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity'
http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/de%7Dns_or.html
Appears as 'Schwarze Sonne'. Tracklisting at Amazon.com
 "" by Norbert Hess (Engerda, Germany: Arun-Verlag, 1995) - "An Interview With Kadmon (Allerseelen/"Aorta"), 'The Nexus', No. 2 (November 1995) pp. 1-6."
Black Sun by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke (2002)