Giuliano Amato (Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈljano aˈmato]; born 13 May 1938) is an Italian politician who twice served asPrime Minister of Italy, first from 1992 to 1993 and again from 2000 to 2001. Later, he was Vice President of theConvention on the Future of Europe that drafted the European Constitution and headed the Amato Group. He is commonly nicknamed dottor Sottile, (which means "Doctor Subtilis", the sobriquet of the Scottish Medieval philosopher John Duns Scotus, a reference to his political subtlety). From 2006 to 2008, he was the Minister of the Interior inRomano Prodi's government. On 12 September 2013, President Giorgio Napolitano appointed him to the Constitutional Court of Italy, where he has served since then.
Giuliano Amato serves as an Honorary Co-Chair for the World Justice Project. The World Justice Project works to lead a global, multidisciplinary effort to strengthen the Rule of Law for the development of communities of opportunity and equity.[3]
Giuliano Amato serves as an Honorary Co-Chair for the World Justice Project. The World Justice Project works to lead a global, multidisciplinary effort to strengthen the Rule of Law for the development of communities of opportunity and equity.[3]
In 2012 Giuliano Amato was appointed as President of the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies.[4][5] As alumnus ofSant'Anna School of Advanced Studies (attending the prestigious Collegio Medico-Giuridico of the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, which today is Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies), he guarded close contact with the university, previously heading Sant'Anna Alumni Association.
He was appointed as President of the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies on 21 February 2012 by the Academic Senate of Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies and by a Decree of the Minister Francesco Profumo of the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (Italy).[4][5] He has resigned from his post at the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies after being appointed to the Constitutional Court, in September 2013.
Carl Albert Anderson, KSG (born February 27, 1951) is the thirteenth and current Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus.Anderson is vice president of the Washington session of the Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family.
In addition, Anderson serves as a member of the Board of Trustees of The Catholic University of America, the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception, the National Catholic Educational Association as well as the supervisory council of the Vatican Bank. He also holds a seat on the International Board of Advisors of the Wheelchair Foundation.
Anderson holds degrees in philosophy from Seattle University and in law from the University of Denver. He is a member of the bar of the District of Columbia and is admitted to practice law before the U.S. Supreme Court.
Anderson has received honorary doctorates from The Catholic University of America, The Pontifical Theology Academy of Kraków and St. Vincent’s Seminary, Latrobe, Pa.
During the administration of Ronald Reagan, Anderson served in various positions of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, including special assistant to the President and acting director of the White House Office of Public Liaison. Following his service at the White House, Anderson served for nearly a decade as a member of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. From 1976-81 he was a legislative assistant to Senator Jesse Helms.
From 1983 to 1998 Anderson taught as a visiting professor of family law at the Rome session of the Institute, which is located at the Pontifical Lateran University. Anderson became the founding vice president and first dean of the Washington, D.C. session in 1988.
As Supreme Knight, Anderson is the chief executive officer and chairman of the board of the world’s largest Catholic family fraternal service organization, which has more than 1.8 million members. Before his election in 2000, Anderson served as assistant supreme secretary and supreme secretary for the Order. Prior to that, he served for 10 years as the vice president for public policy and two years as the State Deputy of the District of Columbia jurisdiction. Anderson is a member and Past Grand Knight of Potomac Council #433 and a member of the James Cardinal Hickey Prince of the Church fourth degree assembly, both in Washington, DC. For the 2009 tax year, Anderson received a total compensation package of $1,179,762.[1]
Anderson has been active in promoting the Catholic Church's recent Religious Liberty campaign. In an article in the Knights of Columbus publication, Columbia,written in September 2012, he argues that certain actions taken by the Department of Health and Human Services at the request of the Obama administration violate the religious liberty of Catholic institutions by requiring them to provide services on employee health care plans that are contrary to official Church teachings. He sees this as an attack on the type of religious freedom guaranteed in the first amendment.[2]
In 1998, Pope John Paul II appointed Anderson to the Pontifical Academy for Life and in 2002 to the Pontifical Council for the Laity. In 2003 he was named aconsultor to the Pontifical Council for the Family and to the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace. He was an auditor at the World Synods of Bishops in 2001, 2005 and 2008. In 2007, Pope Benedict XVI named Anderson and his wife, Dorian Lounsbury Anderson, as members of the Pontifical Council for the Family and namedAnderson a consultor to the Pontifical Council for Social Communications. In 2009, Pope Benedict appointed Anderson to the board of the Institute for Works of Religion, also known as the Vatican Bank.[3]
Anderson is also a consultant to the Pro-Life Committee of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops and is a member of the International Scientific Council of the Studium Generale Marcianum (Venice). In 1994, he was a member of the Vatican delegation for the Fifteenth Meeting of the International Catholic Jewish Liaison Committee held in Jerusalem.
Anderson's 2008 New York Times bestseller, A Civilization of Love: What Every Catholic Can Do to Transform the World,[4] was published by HarperOne. He has also co-authored with Father José Granados Called to Love: Approaching John Paul II's Theology of the Body[5] and Our Lady of Guadalupe: Mother of the Civilization of Love[6] with Eduardo Chávez Sánchez, Postulator of the Cause of the Canonization of Saint Juan Diego.
Carl and his wife, Dorian, are the parents of five children. He is also a Knight of the Pontifical Order of St. Gregory the Great (KSG). Anderson was also the winner of the Patronal Medal for his "distinguished service in the advancement of Marian devotion, theology, or general appreciation of the place of Mary in the life of the Catholic Church." Anderson dedicated his tenure as Supreme Knight to Our Lady of Guadalupe, and is the author of Our Lady of Guadalupe: Mother of the Civilization of Love.[7]
Giulio Andreotti (Italian: [ˈʤuːljo andreˈɔtti]; 14 January 1919 – 6 May 2013) was the 41st Prime Minister of Italy and leader of the Christian Democracy party. Occupying all the major offices of state over the course of a forty-year political career, he was a figure who reassured the civil service, business community, and the Vatican, while guiding Italy'sEuropean Union integration. In foreign policy, he established closer relations with the Arab world. Admirers of Andreottisaw him as having mediated political and social contradictions, enabling the transformation of a substantially rural country into the fifth-biggest economy in the world. Critics said he had done nothing against a system of patronage that had led to pervasive corruption. Despite a wry sense of humour that could sound like cynicism, Andreotti was a devout Catholic with a relatively modest lifestyle who did not use his position to enrich himself or his family.
At the height of his prestige as a statesman, Andreotti was subjected to damaging criminal prosecutions. He was accused to have been colluding with Cosa Nostra, but he was acquitted.[2] Prosecutors in Perugia charged him with ordering the murder of a journalist. In 2002 he was found guilty, which led to complaints that the justice system had "gone mad". He was later definitively acquitted by the supreme court. Andreotti remarked "Apart from the Punic Wars, for which I was too young, I have been blamed for everything that's happened in Italy".
Andreotti served as the 41st Prime Minister of Italy from 1972 to 1973, from 1976 to 1979 and from 1989 to 1992.[3] He also served as Minister of the Interior (1954 and 1978), Defence Minister (1959–66 and 1974) and Foreign Minister(1983–89) and was a Senator for life from 1991 until his death in 2013.[3] He was also a journalist and author. Andreottiwas sometimes called Divo Giulio (from Latin Divus Iulius, "Divine Julius", an epithet of Julius Caesar after his posthumous deification). During the 16th term of the Senate in 2008–13, he opted to join the parliamentary group UDC – independence.
Andreotti was accused of participation in a variety of plots. He was alleged to be the éminence grise behind the Propaganda DueMasonic Lodge, supposedly a secret association of freemasons, corrupt politicians, civil servants, industrialists, military leaders, heads of the secret service, and prominent journalists conspiring to prevent the Italian Communist Party taking office. This theory posited control of elements ranging from the neo-fascist Valerio Fioravanti to Rome gangsters the Banda della Magliana and,Operation Gladio, a clandestine NATO organisation that was intended to fight a Soviet conquest of Europe through an armed resistance movement. Andreotti was accused of having a hand in the death of Aldo Moro and terrorist massacres in a strategy of tension aimed at precipitating a coup, as well as banking scandals and various high profile assassinations.[53][54][55][56]
Fictional characters have been influenced by his image as a Machiavellian. A rejoinder that Andreotti made in reply to an inquiry if being in power was wearing him out: "Power wears out those who don't have it" was put into the mouth of the character of a powerful Mafia-linked politician in the film The Godfather Part III.[57] Nicknamed Belzebù (Beelzebub) or "The Devil himself" by Bettino Craxi,Andreotti had the last laugh on him when Craxi fled Italy, sought on corruption charges. Other disparaging nicknames include "The Black Pope", and "The Hunchback" (he had a malformed spine). Although relatively tall for an Italian of his generation, cartoonists sometimes portrayed Andreotti as a hunchback dwarf lurking in the background.[58] A joke about Andreotti (originally seen in a strip by Stefano Disegni and Massimo Caviglia) had him receiving a phone call from a fellow party member, who pleaded with him to attend judge Giovanni Falcone's funeral. His friend supposedly begged: "The State must give an answer to the Mafia, and you are one of the top authorities in it!". To which a puzzled Andreotti asked: "Which one do you mean?" In 2008 Andreotti became the subject of Paolo Sorrentino's acclaimed movie Il Divo, which portrayed him as a glib unsympathetic figure, in whose orbit people tended to meet untimely and unnatural deaths. He reportedly lost his temper when he first saw it, but later joked "I'm happy for the producer. And I'd be even happier if I had a share of the takings.[49][59]
Prince Andrew, Duke of York KG GCVO ADC(P) (Andrew Albert Christian Edward; born 19 February 1960), is the second son and third child of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. At the time of his birth, he was second in the line of succession to succeed his mother; he is currently fifth in line.
He also holds the actual rank of commander and the honorary rank of rear admiral in the Royal Navy, in which he served as an active duty helicopter pilot and later instructor in helicopter flight. He saw active service during theFalklands War, flying on multiple missions including anti-surface warfare, Exocet missile decoy and casualty evacuation.
In 1986, Prince Andrew married Sarah Ferguson; the couple's marriage, subsequent separation and eventual divorce in 1996 attracted a high level of media coverage. As well as carrying out various royal duties, he served as Britain'sSpecial Representative for International Trade and Investment until July 2011.
From 2001 until July 2011, the Duke of York worked with UK Trade & Investment, part of the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, as the United Kingdom's Special Representative for International Trade and Investment.[12] The post, previously held by Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, involved representing and promoting the UK at various trade fairs and conferences around the world. His suitability for the role was challenged in the House of Commons by Shadow Justice Minister Chris Bryant in February 2011, at the time of the 2011 Libyan civil war, on the grounds that he was "not only a very close friend of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, but also ... a close friend of the convicted Libyan gun smuggler Tarek Kaituni".[13] TheDuke is Patron of the Middle East Association (MEA), the UK's premier organisation for promoting trade and good relations with the Middle East, North Africa, Turkey and Iran.[14]
He is also Patron of Fight for Sight, a charity dedicated to research into the prevention and treatment of blindness and eye disease,[15] and was a member of the Scout Association.[16] He tours Canada frequently to undertake duties related to his Canadian military role. Rick Peters, the former Commanding Officer of the Royal Highland Fusiliers of Canada stated: "[Prince Andrew]'s very well informed on Canadian military methods."[17]
In 2010, the Prince spent £620,000 as a trade envoy, including £154,000 on hotels, food and hospitality and £465,000 on travel.[20]The Duke of York receives a £249,000 annuity from the Queen.[18] The Sunday Times reported in July 2008 that for "the Duke of York's public role,... he last year received £436,000 to cover his expenses."[19] On 8 March 2011, The Daily Telegraph reported:
On 3 September 2012, the Duke of York was among a team of 40 people who abseiled down The Shard (tallest building in Europe) to raise money for educational charities the Outward Bound Trust and the Royal Marines Charitable Trust Fund.[21][22]
In 2013, it was announced that the Duke was becoming the Patron of London Metropolitan University [23] and the University of Huddersfield.[24][25]
He is a member of the International Advisory Board of the Royal United Services Institute.
As the United Kingdom's Special Trade Representative, the Duke of York travelled the world to promote British businesses. It was revealed in the United States diplomatic cables leak that the Duke had been reported on by Tatiana Gfoeller, the United States Ambassador to Kyrgyzstan, discussing bribery in Kyrgyzstan and the investigation into the Al-Yamamah arms deal.
- The Duke, she explained, "was referencing an investigation, subsequently closed, into alleged kickbacks a senior Saudi royal had received in exchange for the multi-year, lucrative BAE Systems contract to provide equipment and training to Saudi security forces."
The dispatch continued: "His mother's subjects seated around the table roared their approval. He then went on to 'these (expletive) journalists, especially from the National Guardian [sic], who poke their noses everywhere' and (presumably) make it harder for British businessmen to do business. The crowd practically clapped!"
Earlier in 2010, it was revealed that the Kazakhstan President's billionaire son-in-law Timur Kulibayev paid the Duke of York's representatives £15m – £3m over the asking price – via offshore companies, for the Duke's Surrey mansion, Sunninghill Park. Kulibayev frequently appears in US dispatches as one of the men who has accumulated millions in gas-rich Kazakhstan.[26]
In May 2012, it was reported that Swiss and Italian police investigating "a network of personal and business relationships" allegedly used for "international corruption" were looking at the activities of Enviro Pacific Investments which charges "multi-million pound fees" to energy companies wishing to deal with Kazakhstan.[27] The trust is believed to have paid £6m towards the purchase of Sunninghill which now appears derelict.[27] In response a Palace spokesman said "This was a private sale between two trusts. There was never any impropriety on the part of The Duke of York".[27]
The Duke of York has his own royal banner for Canada, comprising the shield of the Canadian Royal Arms defaced with a blue roundel surrounded by a wreath of gold maple leaves, within which is a depiction of Prince Andrew's cypher (an "A" surmounted by a coronet), and with a white label of three points, the centre one charged with an anchor and the other two blank, taken from his coat of arms.
Anne, Princess Royal KG KT GCVO GCStJ QSO GCL [2][3] (Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise; born 15 August 1950) is the second child and only daughter of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. At the time of her birth, she was third in the line of succession, behind her mother and elder brother. She rose to second after her mother's accession, but after the birth of two younger brothers, six nieces and nephews, and one grand-nephew, she is currently 11th in line.
The seventh holder of the title Princess Royal, Anne is known for her charitable work, being the patron of over 200 organisations, and she carries out about 500 royal engagements and public appearances per year. She is also known for equestrian talents; she won two silver medals (1975) and one gold medal (1971) at the European Eventing Championships,[4] and is the first member of the British Royal Family to compete in the Olympic Games. She is married to Timothy Laurence, has two children from her previous marriage to Mark Phillips, and has three granddaughters.
The Princess Royal has her own royal banner for Canada, comprising the shield of the Canadian Royal Arms defaced with a blue roundel surrounded by a wreath of gold maple leaves, within which is a depiction of Princess Anne's cypher (an "A" surmounted by a coronet), and with a white label of three points, the centre one charged with a red heart and the other two with red crosses, taken from her coat of arms.
Nicholas John Anstee (born 27 May 1958, North Cotswold) was the 682nd Lord Mayor of the City of London, from 2009 to 2010. He continues as the Alderman of the Ward of Aldersgate and has served as a representative in the City since his election as a Common Councillor in 1987.[1]
The Silver Circle is a group of corporate law firms headquartered in London, United Kingdom which are each outside of the Magic Circle, and have a substantially lower turnover than the members of that group, but have an average profits per equity partner (PEP) and average revenue per lawyer (RPL) far above the UK average.[1][2][3] The term was first coined by The Lawyer magazine in 2005.
The five law firms generally regarded as constituting the Magic Circle are:[2][4]
- Allen & Overy
- Clifford Chance
- Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer
- Linklaters
- Slaughter and May
These firms are generally regarded as the most prestigious law firms headquartered in the UK, and consistently have the highest earnings per-partner and earnings per-lawyer among UK-headquartered law firms.
In 2010 four members of the Magic Circle were among the ten largest law firms in the world measured by revenues, with Clifford Chance, Linklaters, Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer and Allen & Overy respectively the third-largest, fourth-largest, sixth-largest and seventh-largest by this measurement.[5] In 2010 Slaughter and May was the 48th-largest law firm in the world by this measure, with revenues of $628,500,000.[5]
Vault Law 100
The 2015 Vault Law 100 is here! This year, nearly 17,000 law associates ratedlaw firms on a scale of 1 to 10 based on prestige. (Associates were not allowed to rate their own firms, and were asked only to rate firms with which they were familiar.)
See Methodology| 2015 Rank | 2014 Rank | Change | Company | Score | Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | — | Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz | 8.982 | New York, NY |
| 2 | 2 | — | Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP | 8.961 | New York, NY |
| 3 | 4 | ▲ | Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP and Affiliates | 8.489 | New York, NY |
| 4 | 3 | ▼ | Sullivan & Cromwell LLP | 8.483 | New York, NY |
| 5 | 5 | — | Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP | 8.127 | New York, NY |
| 6 | 7 | ▲ | Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP | 7.793 | New York, NY |
| 7 | 8 | ▲ | Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP | 7.722 | New York, NY |
| 8 | 6 | ▼ | Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP | 7.691 | New York, NY |
| 9 | 9 | — | Kirkland & Ellis LLP | 7.661 | Chicago, IL |
| 10 | 10 | — | Latham & Watkins LLP | 7.636 | New York, NY |
| 11 | 12 | ▲ | Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP | 7.583 | Los Angeles, CA |
| 12 | 11 | ▼ | Covington & Burling LLP | 7.424 | Washington, DC |
| 13 | 15 | ▲ | Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP | 7.356 | New York, NY |
| 14 | 14 | — | Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP | 7.321 | New York, NY |
| 15 | 17 | ▲ | Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan, LLP | 7.295 | Los Angeles, CA |
| 16 | 13 | ▼ | Debevoise & Plimpton LLP | 7.263 | New York, NY |
| 17 | 18 | ▲ | Sidley Austin LLP | 7.225 | Chicago, IL |
| 18 | 16 | ▼ | Williams & Connolly LLP | 7.141 | Washington, DC |
| 19 | 19 | — | Jones Day | 7.106 | Washington, DC |
| 20 | 20 | — | White & Case LLP | 6.938 | New York, NY |
| 21 | 21 | — | WilmerHale | 6.844 | Washington, DC |
| 22 | 23 | ▲ | Ropes & Gray LLP | 6.693 | Boston, MA |
| 23 | 24 | ▲ | Morrison & Foerster LLP | 6.643 | San Francisco, CA |
| 24 | 22 | ▼ | Arnold & Porter LLP | 6.636 | Washington, DC |
| 25 | 25 | — | O'Melveny & Myers LLP | 6.520 | Los Angeles, CA |
| Rank | Firm | Revenues | Location of headquarters |
| 1 | Baker & McKenzie | $2,104,000,000 | United States |
| 2 | Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom | $2,100,000,000 | United States |
| 3 | Clifford Chance | $1,874,500,000 | United Kingdom |
| 4 | Linklaters | $1,852,500,000 | United Kingdom |
| 5 | Latham & Watkins | $1,821,000,000 | United States |
| 6 | Allen & Overy | $1,644,500,000 | United Kingdom |
| 7 | Kirkland & Ellis | $1,428,000,000 | United States |
| 8 | Sidley Austin | $1,357,000,000 | United States |
| 9 | White & Case | $1,307,000,000 | United States |
| 10 | Davis Polk & Wardwell | $846,000,000 | United States |
Those UK-headquartered firms commonly regarded as the main competitors of the Magic Circle are sometime called the "Silver Circle".[6][7]
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